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Neural regulation of the immune system helps resolve inflammation, but impaired neuroimmune communication, particularly through reduced activity of the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway, may worsen inflammation-driven hypertension. Here, we investigated the effects of long-term systemic administration of the acetylcholinesterase inhibitor galantamine, which is known to enhance neuroimmune communication and the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway, on blood pressure, inflammation, and renal injury in SLE mice. Female NZBWF1 mice, a well-established model of SLE, were administered either galantamine (3\u00a0mg\/kg\/day) or saline for 14 consecutive weeks via subcutaneous minipumps and were compared with age-matched and similarly treated NZW control mice. Long-term galantamine treatment improved survival; lowered blood pressure; reduced renal injury markers, including urinary albumin, kidney injury molecule-1, and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin; and decreased renal fibrosis in female mice with SLE. Circulating levels of soluble TNFR1, a marker of systemic inflammation and mediator involved in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease, were reduced in galantamine-treated SLE mice. Galantamine treatment also reduced splenic CD19+ B cells and kidney CD8+ T cells in SLE mice. Boosting the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway with acetylcholinesterase inhibitors such as galantamine alleviates pathological attributes in SLE, including hypertension, inflammation, and renal injury, potentially by modulating B and T cells in the spleen and kidney.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1042\/cs20250432","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,20]],"date-time":"2026-04-20T10:06:22Z","timestamp":1776679582000},"page":"861-881","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1042\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Acetylcholinesterase inhibitor therapy mitigates hypertension in lupus mice"],"prefix":"10.1042","volume":"140","author":[{"given":"Paromita","family":"Das-Earl","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"1Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatic Diseases, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, U.S.A."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Caroline\u00a0Gusson","family":"Shimoura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2Department of Physiology and Anatomy, UNT Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, U.S.A."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cassandra\u00a0M.","family":"Young-Stubbs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatic Diseases, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, U.S.A."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sarika\u00a0K.","family":"Chaudhari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatic Diseases, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, U.S.A."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Viet\u00a0Q.","family":"Dinh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2Department of Physiology and Anatomy, UNT Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, U.S.A."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0247-910X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Keisa\u00a0W.","family":"Mathis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatic Diseases, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, U.S.A."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"288","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026051907020000400_B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e114","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0000000000001356","article-title":"AHA\/ACC\/AANP\/AAPA\/ABC\/ACCP\/ACPM\/AGS\/AMA\/ASPC\/NMA\/PCNA\/SGIM Guideline for the Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Management of High Blood Pressure in Adults: a report of the American College of Cardiology\/American Heart Association Joint Committee on Clinical Practice Guidelines","volume":"152","author":"Jones","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. 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