{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,16]],"date-time":"2026-01-16T07:26:43Z","timestamp":1768548403690,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"American Speech Language Hearing Association","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["LSHSS"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>The purpose of this article is to discuss the controversial topic of stuttering in preschool children and how to evaluate the options for treatment, emphasizing the role of external research evidence.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Method<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>A hypothetical but realistic case study of a 3-year-old boy who stutters is described. Two contrasting approaches to treatment are presented, the Lidcombe Program (LP) and the demands and capacities model (DCM). Studies published in peer-reviewed research journals that have examined the effectiveness of each approach are summarized and critiqued.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>The review indicates that the LP is the preferred treatment approach for stuttering in preschool children and that it offers the best opportunity for rapid success.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>The LP should be carried out by knowledgeable, experienced, and flexible speech-language pathologists who are able to accommodate the individual needs and differences of every child and family.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1044\/2017_lshss-17-0066","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,11]],"date-time":"2018-01-11T02:22:37Z","timestamp":1515637357000},"page":"4-12","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Stuttering in Preschool Children: Direct Versus Indirect Treatment"],"prefix":"10.1044","volume":"49","author":[{"given":"Marilyn A.","family":"Nippold","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Oregon, Eugene"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1310","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_1_2_1","unstructured":"American Speech-Language-Hearing Association. (2005). Evidence-based practice in communication disorders [Position statement]\n. Retrieved from http:\/\/www.asha.org\/policy"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jfludis.2016.06.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1044\/2014_JSLHR-S-13-0090"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_5_1","volume-title":"A handbook on stuttering","author":"Bloodstein O.","year":"1995","edition":"5"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcomdis.2009.03.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1044\/2016_JSLHR-S-15-0011"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0133758"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jfludis.2005.05.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_10_1","author":"Franken M.C.","year":"2007","journal-title":"Restart-DCM Method. Treatment protocol developed within the scope of the ZonMW project Cost-effectiveness of the Demands and Capacities Model based treatment compared to the Lidcombe programme of early stuttering intervention: Randomised trial"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1044\/2015_AJSLP-13-0156"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0094-730X(02)00127-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jfludis.2016.07.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1044\/jslhr.4306.1440"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13682820801895599"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.38520.451840.E0"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_17_1","volume-title":"Children and their development","author":"Kail R. V.","year":"2004","edition":"3"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1044\/1058-0360(2009\/07-0087)"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1044\/1058-0360(2005\/024)"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1044\/1058-0360(2008\/014)"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_21_1","unstructured":"Lidcombe Program. (2017). Lidcombe Program Trainers Consortium. \nhttp:\/\/www.lidcombeprogram.org\/"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0094-730X(94)00008-H"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0094-730X(99)00023-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0094-730X(99)00028-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/17549500802603895"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1044\/1092-4388(2008\/046)"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_27_1","volume-title":"Research in communication sciences and disorders: Methods for systematic inquiry","author":"Nelson L. K.","year":"2009"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1044\/0161-1461(2012\/12-0035)"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1044\/jshr.3805.978"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1044\/jshr.3706.1244"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1044\/jshd.5503.405"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_32_1","volume-title":"The Lidcombe Program of early stuttering intervention: A clinician's guide","author":"Onslow M.","year":"2003"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_33_1","author":"Packman A.","year":"2016","journal-title":"The Lidcombe Program Treatment Guide"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2007-3219"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_35_1","first-page":"159","volume-title":"Introduction to clinical methods in communication disorders","author":"Roth F. P.","year":"2002"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1044\/2016_JSLHR-S-16-0002"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_37_1","volume-title":"Evaluating research in communicative disorders","author":"Schiavetti N.","year":"2011","edition":"6"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_38_1","volume-title":"Understanding children and adolescents","author":"Schickedanz J. A.","year":"2001","edition":"4"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_39_1","unstructured":"Stuttering Foundation. (2017). Seven tips for talking with the child who stutters. Retrieved from http:\/\/www.stutteringhelp.org\/7-tips-talking-your-child-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_40_1","volume-title":"Language development from theory to practice","author":"Turnbull K. L.","year":"2017","edition":"3"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_41_1","unstructured":"The University of Sydney. (2017). Australian Stuttering Research Centre. Retrieved from http:\/\/sydney.edu.au\/health-sciences\/asrc\/"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1044\/2016_JSLHR-S-15-0367"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1044\/jshr.3506.1230"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13682820110096670"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_45_1","first-page":"45","volume-title":"Stuttering research and practice: Bridging the gap","author":"Yairi E.","year":"1999"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1044\/cicsd_31_S_92"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1044\/jshr.3504.755"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1044\/jslhr.4205.1097"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_49_1","volume-title":"Early childhood stuttering for clinicians by clinicians","author":"Yairi E.","year":"2005"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jfludis.2012.11.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1044\/jshr.3603.521"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-9924(95)00051-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_53_1","volume-title":"Stuttering: Foundations and clinical applications","author":"Yairi E.","year":"2011"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1044\/0161-1461(2006\/014)"}],"container-title":["Language, Speech, and Hearing Services in Schools"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/pubs.asha.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1044\/2017_LSHSS-17-0066","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,19]],"date-time":"2021-04-19T06:09:33Z","timestamp":1618812573000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/pubs.asha.org\/doi\/10.1044\/2017_LSHSS-17-0066"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,9]]},"references-count":53,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1044\/2017_LSHSS-17-0066"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1044\/2017_lshss-17-0066","relation":{},"ISSN":["0161-1461","1558-9129"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0161-1461","type":"print"},{"value":"1558-9129","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,9]]}}}