{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T20:42:39Z","timestamp":1792183359499,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":75,"publisher":"American Speech Language Hearing Association","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["LSHSS"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The purpose of this study was to analyze the readability of Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) Part B procedural safeguard documents, as distributed by each of the 50 U.S. states. Results were compared to the 5th- to 6th-grade readability guideline for documents recommended by experts in health literacy and health communication.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Method<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A commercially available readability software, Readability Studio (\n                      <jats:xref ref-type=\"bibr\">Oleander Software, 2009<\/jats:xref>\n                      ), was used to assess document readability. Text-based files of each IDEA Part B procedural safeguard document were analyzed using four readability formulas: Flesch-Kincaid (\n                      <jats:xref ref-type=\"bibr\">Flesch, 1965<\/jats:xref>\n                      ), Gunning fog index (\n                      <jats:xref ref-type=\"bibr\">Gunning, 1952<\/jats:xref>\n                      ), Flesch Reading Ease (\n                      <jats:xref ref-type=\"bibr\">Flesch, 1948<\/jats:xref>\n                      ), and Simple Measure of Gobbledygook (\n                      <jats:xref ref-type=\"bibr\">McLaughlin, 1969<\/jats:xref>\n                      ).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>No procedural safeguard document scored below an 11th-grade reading level. Seventy-four percent of these documents were found to be written at a graduate reading level\u2014meaning these documents are written for a reader who is currently enrolled in a master's degree or higher education program.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In an effort to decrease barriers to parent participation in the Individualized Education Planning process, those who administer IDEA Part B procedural safeguards should be sensitive to the potential mismatch between the literacy skills of the parent\/guardian and the literacy skills needed to comprehend these documents. Developers of IDEA Part B procedural safeguards should account for estimated literacy skills of the general public as ongoing revisions to these safeguards are made.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1044\/2018_lshss-18-0057","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,25]],"date-time":"2019-04-25T15:02:03Z","timestamp":1556204523000},"page":"373-384","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Readability of Individuals With Disabilities Education Act Part B Procedural Safeguards: An Update"],"prefix":"10.1044","volume":"50","author":[{"given":"Sara A.","family":"Gray","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Communication Sciences and Disorders, University of Central Florida, Orlando"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard I.","family":"Zraick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Communication Sciences and Disorders, University of Central Florida, Orlando"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samuel R.","family":"Atcherson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Audiology and Speech Pathology, University of Arkansas at Little Rock"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1310","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02687030701415872"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_3_1","unstructured":"American Speech-Language-Hearing Association. 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