{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,24]],"date-time":"2026-03-24T18:06:40Z","timestamp":1774375600582,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"American Speech Language Hearing Association","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Am J Speech Lang Pathol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>The aim of the study was to examine how ultrasound visual feedback (UVF) treatment impacts speech sound learning in children with residual speech errors affecting \/\u0279\/.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Method<\/jats:title><jats:p>Twelve children, ages 9\u201314 years, received treatment for vocalic \/\u0279\/ errors in a multiple-baseline across-subjects design comparing 8 sessions of UVF treatment and 8 sessions of traditional (no-biofeedback) treatment. All participants were exposed to both treatment conditions, with order counterbalanced across participants. To monitor progress, na\u00efve listeners rated the accuracy of vocalic \/\u0279\/ in untreated words.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>After the first 8 sessions, children who received UVF were judged to produce more accurate vocalic \/\u0279\/ than those who received traditional treatment. After the second 8 sessions, within-participant comparisons revealed individual variation in treatment response. However, group-level comparisons revealed greater accuracy in children whose treatment order was UVF followed by traditional treatment versus children who received the reverse treatment order.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>On average, 8 sessions of UVF were more effective than 8 sessions of traditional treatment for remediating vocalic \/\u0279\/ errors. Better outcomes were also observed when UVF was provided in the early rather than later stages of learning. However, there remains a significant individual variation in response to UVF and traditional treatment, and larger group-level studies are needed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Supplemental Material<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.23641\/asha.8206640\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.23641\/asha.8206640<\/jats:ext-link><\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1044\/2019_ajslp-18-0261","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,6]],"date-time":"2019-06-06T23:23:18Z","timestamp":1559863398000},"page":"1167-1183","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Remediating Residual Rhotic Errors With Traditional and Ultrasound-Enhanced Treatment: A Single-Case Experimental Study"],"prefix":"10.1044","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Jonathan L.","family":"Preston","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Syracuse University, NY"},{"name":"Haskins Laboratories, New Haven, CT"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tara","family":"McAllister","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Communicative Sciences &amp; Disorders, New York University, NY"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Emily","family":"Phillips","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Haskins Laboratories, New Haven, CT"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Suzanne","family":"Boyce","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Haskins Laboratories, New Haven, CT"},{"name":"Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, University of Cincinnati, OH"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mark","family":"Tiede","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Haskins Laboratories, New Haven, CT"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jackie Sihyun","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Columbia University, New York, NY"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Douglas H.","family":"Whalen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Haskins Laboratories, New Haven, CT"},{"name":"Program in Speech-Language-Hearing Sciences, City University of New York Graduate Center, NY"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1310","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1044\/1058-0360(2007\/017)"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1121\/1.417972"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_3_2_4_1","first-page":"206","article-title":"Attaining the lingual components of \/r\/ with ultrasound for three adolescents with cochlear implants","volume":"34","author":"Bacsfalvi P.","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of Speech-Language Pathology and Audiology"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1123\/mcj.16.1.106"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18637\/jss.v067.i01"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11065-006-9013-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0035-1562909"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/02699206.2016.1140227"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0145445503261167"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1044\/1058-0360(2012\/11-0036)"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_1","article-title":"Visualising speech: Using ultrasound visual biofeedback to diagnose and treat speech disorders in children with cleft lip and palate","volume":"2017","author":"Cleland J.","year":"2017","journal-title":"Royal College of Speech and Language Therapists Conference"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/02699206.2015.1016188"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/ling.1968.6.44.29"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_1","volume-title":"Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test\u2013Fourth Edition","author":"Dunn L. M.","year":"2007"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1121\/1.429469"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0035-1562905"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1179\/136132801805576798"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_1","volume-title":"Goldman\u2013Fristoe Test of Articulation\u2013Second Edition (GFTA-2)","author":"Goldman R.","year":"2000"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3200\/JMBR.36.2.212-224"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/02699206.2014.956232"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02701367.2001.10608943"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/02699206.2012.682695"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/14376-000"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/02699206.2015.1047962"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1044\/1092-4388(2011\/11-0120)"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1044\/1058-0360(2008\/025)"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1044\/2016_JSLHR-S-16-0038"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2016.00567"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcomdis.2014.11.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcomdis.2016.07.001"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_3_2_32_1","first-page":"207","article-title":"Investigating the use of traditional and spectral biofeedback approaches to intervention for \/r\/ misarticulation","volume":"21","author":"McAllister Byun T.","year":"2012","journal-title":"American Journal of Psychology"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1044\/2014_JSLHR-S-14-0034"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_34_1","unstructured":"McAllister Byun T. Ortiz J. & Hitchcock E. R. (2014). Challenge Point software (Version 1.5.8) . Retrieved from http:\/\/cpp.umd.edu"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1121\/1.1642624"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1044\/1058-0360(2002\/023)"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13682820701449943"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00222895.1990.10735527"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1044\/2017_AJSLP-16-0232"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1460-6984.12259"},{"issue":"119","key":"e_1_3_2_41_1","first-page":"e55123","article-title":"Ultrasound images of the tongue: A tutorial for assessment and remediation of speech sound errors","volume":"2017","author":"Preston J. L.","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of Visualized Experiments"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1044\/2018_JSLHR-S-17-0441"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1044\/2014_JSLHR-S-14-0031"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_44_1","volume-title":"R: A language and environment for statistical computing","author":"R Core Team","year":"2015"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1037\/14376-008","volume-title":"Single-case intervention research: Methodological and statistical advances","author":"Rindskopf D.","year":"2014"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1044\/jshd.4404.504"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_47_1","volume-title":"Developmental phonological disorders: Foundations of clinical practice","author":"Rvachew S.","year":"2012"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_3_2_48_1","first-page":"146","article-title":"Obtaining and interpreting maximum performance tasks from children: A tutorial","volume":"29","author":"Rvachew S.","year":"2005","journal-title":"Journal of Speech-Language Pathology and Audiology"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_49_1","volume-title":"Eliciting sounds: Techniques and strategies for clinicians","author":"Secord W. A.","year":"2007","edition":"2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004424-198501000-00022"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1044\/jshd.4001.92"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_52_1","volume-title":"Speech sound disorders in children","author":"Shriberg L. D.","year":"2009"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1044\/jslhr.4104.941"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1044\/0161-1461.2002.219"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcomdis.2016.10.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1044\/jshr.3402.446"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/026992099299211"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1121\/1.4784878"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_59_1","volume-title":"Speech correction: An introduction to speech pathology and audiology","author":"Van Riper C.","year":"1996"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_60_1","volume-title":"Comprehensive Test of Phonological Processing\u2013Second Edition","author":"Wagner R. K.","year":"2013"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wickham H. (2009). ggplot2: Elegant graphics for data analysis. https:\/\/doi.org\/http:\/\/ggplot2.org","DOI":"10.1007\/978-0-387-98141-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_62_1","unstructured":"Wickham H. (2016). tidyr: Easily tidy data with \u2018spread()\u2019 and \u2018gather()\u2019 functions. https:\/\/doi.org\/http:\/\/cran.r-project.org\/package=tidy"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_63_1","unstructured":"Wickham H. & Francois R. (2015). dplyr: A grammar of data manipulation. https:\/\/doi.org\/http:\/\/CRAN.R-project.org\/package=dplyr"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_64_1","volume-title":"Clinical Evaluation of Language Fundamentals\u2013Fifth edition (CELF-5)","author":"Wiig E. H.","year":"2013"}],"container-title":["American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/pubs.asha.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1044\/2019_AJSLP-18-0261","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,17]],"date-time":"2023-09-17T07:44:27Z","timestamp":1694936667000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/pubs.asha.org\/doi\/10.1044\/2019_AJSLP-18-0261"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,9]]},"references-count":63,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1044\/2019_AJSLP-18-0261"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1044\/2019_ajslp-18-0261","relation":{},"ISSN":["1058-0360","1558-9110"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1058-0360","type":"print"},{"value":"1558-9110","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,9]]}}}