{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,12]],"date-time":"2026-04-12T07:24:04Z","timestamp":1775978644534,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"American Speech Language Hearing Association","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Am J Speech Lang Pathol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>\n              Standard treatment for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is radiation therapy (RT); however, long-term effects of RT frequently include significant swallowing impairments (dysphagia;\n              <jats:xref ref-type=\"bibr\">Gaziano, 2002<\/jats:xref>\n              ;\n              <jats:xref ref-type=\"bibr\">Hui, Chan, &amp; Le, 2018<\/jats:xref>\n              ). Our objective was to describe swallowing physiology in consecutive outpatients with a history of NPC following RT using standardized methods. Understanding dysphagia characteristics in this patient population could ultimately inform rehabilitation strategies and improve patient outcomes.\n            <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Method<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>\n              We conducted a retrospective, observational, descriptive study of consecutive outpatients undergoing videofluoroscopic swallowing (VFS) exams at our clinic, from 2009 to 2014. We included those with a diagnosis of NPC treated with RT. Those with other cancer diagnoses; previous tracheostomy; acute neurological injury; and progressive, degenerative neurological conditions were excluded. Two registered MBSImP clinicians, blinded to each other, reviewed and scored the VFS exams according to previously published methods (\n              <jats:xref ref-type=\"bibr\">Martin-Harris et al., 2008<\/jats:xref>\n              ). Following unblinding, a single reviewer collected demographic data from the electronic medical record. We reported overall impairment and MBSImP component scores descriptively.\n            <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>\n              Of 158 outpatients undergoing VFS, 6 (\n              <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\n              ) met our inclusion criteria. The median time from completion of RT to outpatient VFS was 21.0 years. Patients reported a variety of dysphagia symptoms. All patients had high oral and pharyngeal residue scores (scores \u2265 2) and high impairment scores on components contributing to bolus transport and airway closure.\n            <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>All patients presented with impairments in oral\u2013pharyngeal bolus transport and airway protection. Our results identify specific swallowing impairments for this patient group highlighting possible latent RT effects on swallowing. This population would benefit from dysphagia rehabilitation and maintenance programs informed by multimodal diagnostic approaches.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1044\/2019_ajslp-19-0116","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,5]],"date-time":"2019-12-05T23:21:28Z","timestamp":1575588088000},"page":"319-326","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Late Dysphagia Following Radiotherapy After Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma: A Case Series"],"prefix":"10.1044","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Ann-Marie","family":"Schreiber","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Speech-Language Pathology, Richmond Hospital, British Columbia, Canada"},{"name":"School of Audiology and Speech Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Camilla","family":"Dawson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Speech and Language Therapy, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stacey A.","family":"Skoretz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Audiology and Speech Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada"},{"name":"Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada"},{"name":"Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1310","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_1","unstructured":"American Cancer Society. 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