{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T22:41:03Z","timestamp":1791240063470,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"American Speech Language Hearing Association","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Am J Audiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>The purpose of this study is to ascertain the etiology of bilateral sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) in children aged \u2264 18 years living in Shandong province.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Method<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Data were taken from a cross-sectional study, which was conducted between 2015 and 2017. The study included children aged \u2264 18 years, recruited from special schools for children with hearing loss and from hearing rehabilitation centers in Shandong province of China. Children were screened for bilateral SNHL through audiological testing. Clinical examination, genetic testing, and structured interviews were conducted for those children who were identified as having hearing loss to identify the potential cause.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>The etiology of bilateral SNHL in our sample was genetic in 874 (39.3%), acquired in 650 (29.3%), and unknown in 697 (31.4%) children. Among children with acquired SNHL, the cause was maternal viral infection in 75 (11.5%); perinatal factors in 238 (36.6%); meningitis, measles, and mumps in 146 (22.5%); and ototoxic exposure in 117 (18%) children. Among the children with genetic SNHL, only 44 (4.9%) were identified as having syndromic hearing loss, and the remainder (95.1%) were classified as nonsyndromic hearing loss.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>The findings indicated that nearly 30% of bilateral SNHL in Shandong province could be preventable through immunization, early prenatal diagnosis, proper treatment of infections, and avoidance of prescription of ototoxic drugs. This finding emphasizes the need for programs aimed at improving the health services at primary and secondary levels of health care, which will in turn prevent childhood hearing loss.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1044\/2020_aja-19-00029","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,21]],"date-time":"2020-05-21T18:49:10Z","timestamp":1590086950000},"page":"236-243","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Etiology of Childhood Bilateral Sensorineural Hearing Loss in Shandong Province, China"],"prefix":"10.1044","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Fan","family":"Jiang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hannah","family":"Kuper","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Centre for Evidence in Disability, London School of Hygiene &amp; Tropical Medicine, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tess","family":"Bright","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Centre for Evidence in Disability, London School of Hygiene &amp; Tropical Medicine, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wen-Zhe","family":"Qin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1310","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.aud.0000202348.77016.1f"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.125.5.517"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-5876(00)00390-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijporl.2009.06.009"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-5876(03)00002-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/AUD.0000000000000345"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(11)61143-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/deafed\/enm067"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000307346"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14992027.2017.1423404"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_3_2_12_1","first-page":"829","article-title":"Aminoglycoside gentamicin research: Fundamental progress and new application prospects","volume":"31","author":"Jian X.","year":"2015","journal-title":"Sheng wu gong cheng xue bao = Chinese Journal of Biotechnology"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijporl.2004.05.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/24.6.1001"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1353\/aad.2010.0048"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep46328"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022215100125071"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005537-200201000-00001"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pop.2007.04.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijporl.2004.04.013"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/tmi.12640"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_1","unstructured":"National Bureau of Statistics. 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