{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]],"date-time":"2026-07-28T23:22:34Z","timestamp":1785280954699,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"American Speech Language Hearing Association","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Am J Audiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Hearing loss, resulting from aminoglycoside ototoxicity, is common among patients with drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB). Those with pre-existing hearing loss are at particular risk of clinically important hearing loss with aminoglycoside-containing treatment than those with normal hearing at baseline. This study aimed to identify factors associated with pre-existing hearing loss among patients being treated for DR-TB in South Africa.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Method<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Cross-sectional analysis nested within a cluster-randomized trial data across 10 South African TB hospitals. Patients \u2265 13 years old received clinical and audiological evaluations before DR-TB treatment initiation.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>\n              Of 936 patients, average age was 35 years. One hundred forty-two (15%) reported pre-existing auditory symptoms. Of 482 patients tested by audiometry, 290 (60%) had pre-existing hearing loss. The prevalence of pre-existing hearing loss was highest among patients \u2265 50 years (adjusted prevalence ratio [aPrR] for symptoms 5.53, 95% confidence interval (CI) [3.63, 8.42]; aPrR for audiometric hearing loss 1.63, 95% CI [1.31, 2.03] compared to age 13\u201318 years) and among those with a prior history of second-line TB treatment (aPrR for symptoms 1.73, 95% CI [1.66, 1.80]; PrR for audiometric hearing loss 1.33, 95% CI [1.03, 1.73]). Having HIV with cluster of differentiation 4 cell count &lt; 200 cells\/mm\n              <jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>\n              and malnutrition were risk factors but did not reach statistical significance in adjusted analyses.\n            <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Pre-existing hearing loss is common among patients presenting for DR-TB treatment in South Africa, and those older than the age of 50 years or who had prior second-line TB treatment history were at highest risk.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1044\/2020_aja-19-00103","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,22]],"date-time":"2020-04-22T21:34:27Z","timestamp":1587591267000},"page":"199-205","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Prevalence of Pre-Existing Hearing Loss Among Patients With Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis in South Africa"],"prefix":"10.1044","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Hyejeong","family":"Hong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The REACH Initiative, Johns Hopkins University School of Nursing, Baltimore, MD"},{"name":"Johns Hopkins University School of Nursing, Baltimore, MD"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David W.","family":"Dowdy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Epidemiology and International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kelly E.","family":"Dooley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Divisions of Clinical Pharmacology and Infectious Disease, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Howard W.","family":"Francis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Head and Neck Surgery and Communication Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chakra","family":"Budhathoki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The REACH Initiative, Johns Hopkins University School of Nursing, Baltimore, MD"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hae-Ra","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The REACH Initiative, Johns Hopkins University School of Nursing, Baltimore, MD"},{"name":"Center for Cardiovascular and Chronic Care, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jason E.","family":"Farley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The REACH Initiative, Johns Hopkins University School of Nursing, Baltimore, MD"},{"name":"Johns Hopkins University School of Nursing, Baltimore, MD"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1310","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0019-509X.55551"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1445-5994.2011.02452.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-publhealth-032013-182510"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40203-014-0003-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addr.2014.07.006"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/geront\/gnw033"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqx022"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0111702"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0020436"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5588\/ijtld.17.0830"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00204-019-02407-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14336\/AD.2017.0119"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2011\/937861"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2989\/16085906.2010.484531"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/000313481708301123"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0021656"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/thoraxjnl-2015-207245"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2334-14-542"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/16549716.2017.1289736"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_1","unstructured":"National Institute of Deafness and Other Communication Disorder. (2017). Hearing loss increases with age. \nhttps:\/\/www.nidcd.nih.gov\/health\/statistics\/hearing-loss-increases-with-age"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.1992.00530260068022"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40557-016-0132-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7196\/SAMJ.8338"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/20786190.2014.1002220"},{"issue":"8","key":"e_1_3_2_26_1","first-page":"Bc24","article-title":"Oxidative stress markers in tuberculosis and HIV\/TB co-infection","volume":"11","author":"Rajopadhye S. H.","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/AUD.0b013e3181e8b6a7"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_28_1","unstructured":"Republic of South Africa Department of Health. (2013). Management of drug-resistant tuberculosis: Policy guidelines. Department of Health."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_29_1","unstructured":"Republic of South Africa Department of Health. (2018). Interim clinical guidance for the implementation of injectable-free regimens for rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis in adults adolescents and children. \nhttp:\/\/www.tbonline.info\/media\/uploads\/documents\/dr_tb_clinical_guidelines_for_rsa_september_2018.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/6143164"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_31_1","unstructured":"StataCorp. (2017). Stata Statistical Software: Release 15. StataCorp LLC."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_32_1","volume-title":"HIV\/AIDS related communication, hearing, and swallowing disorders","author":"Stearn N.","year":"2010","edition":"1"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1258\/jtt.2009.009003"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0079603"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_35_1","first-page":"2016","volume-title":"Global tuberculosis report","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2016"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_36_1","volume-title":"WHO treatment guidelines for multidrug- and rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis, 2018 update","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2018"}],"container-title":["American Journal of Audiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/pubs.asha.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1044\/2020_AJA-19-00103","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,18]],"date-time":"2021-04-18T21:57:38Z","timestamp":1618783058000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/pubs.asha.org\/doi\/10.1044\/2020_AJA-19-00103"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,8]]},"references-count":35,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1044\/2020_AJA-19-00103"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1044\/2020_aja-19-00103","relation":{},"ISSN":["1059-0889","1558-9137"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1059-0889","type":"print"},{"value":"1558-9137","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,8]]}}}