{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,27]],"date-time":"2026-05-27T17:20:26Z","timestamp":1779902426465,"version":"3.53.1"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"American Speech Language Hearing Association","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Am J Audiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>This study investigates common real-ear aided response (REAR) configurations prescribed by the NAL-NL2 algorithm for older adults with hearing loss.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Method<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>A data set that is representative of the older adult U.S. population with mild-to-moderate sensorineural hearing loss was constructed from the audiometric data of 934 adults (aged 55\u201385 years) from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey years 1999\u20132012. Two clustering approaches were implemented to generate common REAR configurations for eight frequencies (0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, and 8 kHz) at three input levels (55, 65, and 75 dB SPL). (a) In the REAR-based clustering approach, the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey audiograms were first converted to REAR targets and then clustered to generate common REAR configurations. (b) In the audiogram-based clustering approach, the audiograms were first clustered into common hearing loss profiles and then converted to REAR configurations. The trade-off between the number of available REAR configurations and the percentage of the U.S. population whose hearing loss could be fit by at least one of them (i.e., percent coverage) was evaluated. Hearing loss fit was defined as less than \u00b1 5-dB difference between an individual's REAR targets and those of the clustered REAR configuration.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Percent coverage increases with the number of available REAR configurations, with four configurations resulting in 75% population coverage. Overall, REAR-based clustering yielded 5 percentage points better coverage on average compared to audiogram-based clustering.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>The common REAR configurations can be used for programming the gain frequency responses in preconfigured over-the-counter hearing aids and provide clinically appropriate amplification settings for older adults with mild-to-moderate hearing loss.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1044\/2020_aja-20-00025","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,21]],"date-time":"2020-07-21T16:42:15Z","timestamp":1595349735000},"page":"460-475","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Common Configurations of Real-Ear Aided Response Targets Prescribed by NAL-NL2 for Older Adults With Mild-to-Moderate Hearing Loss"],"prefix":"10.1044","volume":"29","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4923-4540","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Justin","family":"Jensen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, The University of Iowa, Iowa City"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dhruv","family":"Vyas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science, The University of Iowa, Iowa City"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dana","family":"Urbanski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, The University of Iowa, Iowa City"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Harinath","family":"Garudadri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Qualcomm Institute, University of California San Diego"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Octav","family":"Chipara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science, The University of Iowa, Iowa City"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu-Hsiang","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, The University of Iowa, Iowa City"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1310","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_1","volume-title":"Specifications for audiometers (ANSI S3.6-1996)","author":"American National Standards Institute","year":"1996"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1142\/9789812832153_0003"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.aud.0000441036.40169.29"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_1","volume-title":"Modern hearing aids: Verification, outcome measures, and follow-up","author":"Bentler R. A.","year":"2016"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/827463","article-title":"Over-the-counter hearing aids: A lost decade for change","author":"Chan Z. Y. T.","year":"2015","journal-title":"BioMed Research International"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00206090009073062"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinternmed.2011.1408"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3766\/jaaa.19.9.3"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1044\/jshr.3302.343"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0040-1701244"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1044\/2017_AJA-16-0111"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4081\/audiores.2011.e24"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.HJ.0000285745.08599.7f"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_3_2_15_1","first-page":"12","article-title":"MarkeTrak VIII: Utilization of PSAPs and direct-mail hearing aids by people with hearing impairment","volume":"17","author":"Kochkin S.","year":"2010","journal-title":"Hearing Review"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinternmed.2011.506"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/glr002"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2013.1868"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/AUD.0000000000000617"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_1","volume-title":"Hearing health care for adults: Priorities for improving access and affordability","author":"National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine","year":"2016"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_1","unstructured":"National Center for Health Statistics. (2006). National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. \nhttps:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/nchs\/nhanes\/index.htm"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2331216518798264"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_1","unstructured":"PCAST. (2015). Aging America & hearing loss: Imperative of improved hearing technologies. \nhttps:\/\/obamawhitehouse.archives.gov\/sites\/default\/files\/microsites\/ostp\/PCAST\/pcast_hearing_tech_letterreport_final3.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_24_1","unstructured":"Urbanski D. Wu Y. H. Hernandez H. & \nOleson J.\n (2019). Toward a new evidence-based fitting paradigm for OTC hearing aids. Poster presented at the Annual Conference of the American Auditory Society Scottsdale AZ United States."}],"container-title":["American Journal of Audiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/pubs.asha.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1044\/2020_AJA-20-00025","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,18]],"date-time":"2021-04-18T21:11:52Z","timestamp":1618780312000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/pubs.asha.org\/doi\/10.1044\/2020_AJA-20-00025"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,3]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1044\/2020_AJA-20-00025"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1044\/2020_aja-20-00025","relation":{},"ISSN":["1059-0889","1558-9137"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1059-0889","type":"print"},{"value":"1558-9137","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,3]]}}}