{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,13]],"date-time":"2025-05-13T22:22:06Z","timestamp":1747174926954,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"American Speech Language Hearing Association","issue":"1S","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Am J Speech Lang Pathol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>This study was designed to examine the association of dosage and effects of Sound Production Treatment (SPT) for acquired apraxia of speech.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Method<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Treatment logs and probe data from 20 speakers with apraxia of speech and aphasia were submitted to a retrospective analysis. The number of treatment sessions and teaching episodes was examined relative to (a) change in articulation accuracy above baseline performance, (b) mastery of production, and (c) maintenance. The impact of practice schedule (SPT-Blocked vs. SPT-Random) was also examined.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>The average number of treatment sessions conducted prior to change was 5.4 for SPT-Blocked and 3.9 for SPT-Random. The mean number of teaching episodes preceding change was 334 for SPT-Blocked and 179 for SPT-Random. Mastery occurred within an average of 13.7 sessions (1,252 teaching episodes) and 12.4 sessions (1,082 teaching episodes) for SPT-Blocked and SPT-Random, respectively. Comparisons of dosage metric values across practice schedules did not reveal substantial differences. Significant negative correlations were found between follow-up probe performance and the dosage metrics.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Only a few treatment sessions were needed to achieve initial positive changes in articulation, with mastery occurring within 12\u201314 sessions for the majority of participants. Earlier occurrence of change or mastery was associated with better follow-up performance.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Supplemental Material<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>\n              <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.23641\/asha.12592190\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.23641\/asha.12592190<\/jats:ext-link>\n            <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1044\/2020_ajslp-19-00110","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,6]],"date-time":"2020-07-06T21:00:46Z","timestamp":1594069246000},"page":"425-440","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Sound Production Treatment for Acquired Apraxia of Speech: An Examination of Dosage in Relation to Probe Performance"],"prefix":"10.1044","volume":"30","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9888-0274","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Julie L.","family":"Wambaugh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Department, VA Salt Lake City Health Care System, UT"},{"name":"Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, University of Utah, Salt Lake City"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lydia","family":"Kallhoff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Department, VA Salt Lake City Health Care System, UT"},{"name":"Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, University of Utah, Salt Lake City"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christina","family":"Nessler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Department, VA Salt Lake City Health Care System, UT"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1310","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropsychologia.2016.01.009"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1044\/2015_AJSLP-14-0127"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1460-6984.12493"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/17549507.2012.700323"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1044\/2015_AJSLP-14-0118"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02687038.2012.676888"},{"volume-title":"Test of Nonverbal Intelligence\u2013Fourth Edition","year":"2010","author":"Brown L.","key":"e_1_3_2_8_1"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_3_2_9_1","first-page":"35","article-title":"Effects of the amount and schedule of varied practice after constant practice on the adaptive process of motor learning","volume":"10","author":"Corr\u00eaa U. C.","year":"2014","journal-title":"Motricidade"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_1","volume-title":"Motor speech disorders. Substrates, differential diagnosis, and management","author":"Duffy J. R.","year":"2013","edition":"3"},{"volume-title":"Straightforward statistics for the behavioral sciences","year":"1996","author":"Evans J. D.","key":"e_1_3_2_11_1"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1044\/2014_AJSLP-13-0081"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/2050571X.2017.1379721"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/2050571X.2017.1388488"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1123\/jmld.2015-0044"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2011.11.028"},{"volume-title":"The Western Aphasia Battery\u2013Revised","year":"2007","author":"Kertesz A.","key":"e_1_3_2_17_1"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1044\/1092-4388(2008\/018)"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/026870300401379"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_3_2_20_1","first-page":"225","article-title":"Using motor learning guided theory and augmentative and alternative communication to improve speech production in profound apraxia: A case example","volume":"16","author":"Lasker J. P.","year":"2008","journal-title":"Journal of Medical Speech-Language Pathology"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1044\/1092-4388(2011\/11-0120)"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1044\/1058-0360(2008\/025)"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_1","first-page":"493","volume-title":"Aphasia and related neurogenic communication disorders","author":"Miller N.","year":"2016","edition":"2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jht.2012.12.007"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02640414.2010.502946"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1123\/jmld.2013-0028"},{"volume-title":"Motor control and learning: A behavioral emphasis","year":"2005","author":"Schmidt R.","key":"e_1_3_2_27_1"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0001-6918(90)90076-R"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcomdis.2014.06.008"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_30_1","unstructured":"Systat Software Inc. (2019). [Homepage]. http:\/\/www.systatsoftware.com"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_31_1","first-page":"47","article-title":"An adaptive process model of motor learning: Insights for the teaching of motor skills","volume":"18","author":"Tani G.","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nonlinear Dynamics Psychology and Life Sciences"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bandl.2018.06.004"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1044\/2018_AJSLP-MSC18-18-0099"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_3_2_34_1","first-page":"xv","article-title":"Treatment guidelines for acquired apraxia of speech: A synthesis and evaluation of the evidence","volume":"14","author":"Wambaugh J. L.","year":"2006","journal-title":"Journal of Medical Speech-Language Pathology"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_3_2_35_1","first-page":"xxxv","article-title":"Treatment guidelines for acquired apraxia of speech: Treatment descriptions and recommendations","volume":"14","author":"Wambaugh J. L.","year":"2006","journal-title":"Journal of Medical Speech-Language Pathology"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1044\/jslhr.4104.725"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1044\/1058-0360(2011\/11-0102)"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1044\/1058-0360(2012\/12-0025)"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1044\/2014_AJSLP-13-0072"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/17549507.2015.1101161"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1044\/2017_JSLHR-S-16-0249"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1044\/2017_AJSLP-16-0188"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1044\/2019_AJSLP-19-00005"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrdd.20139"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/17549507.2012.761282"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_3_2_46_1","first-page":"35","article-title":"Practice schedule and the learning of motor skills in children and adults","volume":"7","author":"Zipp G. P.","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of College Teaching and Learning"}],"container-title":["American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/pubs.asha.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1044\/2020_AJSLP-19-00110","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,18]],"date-time":"2021-04-18T23:49:28Z","timestamp":1618789768000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/pubs.asha.org\/doi\/10.1044\/2020_AJSLP-19-00110"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,11]]},"references-count":45,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1S","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1044\/2020_AJSLP-19-00110"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1044\/2020_ajslp-19-00110","relation":{},"ISSN":["1058-0360","1558-9110"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1058-0360"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1558-9110"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,11]]}}}