{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]],"date-time":"2026-07-14T07:15:29Z","timestamp":1784013329462,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"American Speech Language Hearing Association","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Speech Lang Hear Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,14]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Auditory-perceptual evaluation is essential for the clinical assessment of voice disorders. Unstable perceptual voice evaluation has been shown for inexperienced listeners as compared to expert listeners. We examined the effects of perceptual training with external auditory anchors with and without immediate feedback on the evaluation of roughness and breathiness of natural, nonsynthesized speech stimuli (reading of a standard passage) in speech-language pathology students.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Method<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Perceptual voice evaluation and training with anchors using a visual analog scale was implemented with a computer software. Forty-eight speech-language pathology students were randomly assigned into three groups, feedback group (Group F), no feedback group (Group NF), and control group (Group C), attending one training session and four assessment sessions (before training, immediately after training, and 1 and 7 weeks after training). Group F received training with anchors with immediate feedback, Group NF received training without immediate feedback, and Group C received sham training (exposure session).<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Training with anchors significantly increased the rating accuracy (agreement with expert ratings) on both roughness and breathiness for Group F, with the effects lasting for 7 weeks. No significant changes in rating accuracy with training were observed for Group NF and Group C. No improvements in intra- and interrater reliability as well as intrarater agreement were observed in all three groups, whereas interrater agreement on breathiness (but not roughness) significantly increased for all groups, with the effect lasting for 7 weeks only for Group F.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>These findings suggested that perceptual training with external auditory anchors and the use of immediate feedback could be effective for facilitating the development of perceptual voice evaluation skills in speech-language pathology students. Further studies involving more extensive training with stimuli covering a full range of dysphonia severity categories and improvements in design of the training protocol are recommended to verify these results.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1044\/2020_jslhr-20-00214","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,26]],"date-time":"2021-03-26T20:06:42Z","timestamp":1616789202000},"page":"1136-1156","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Effect of Training With Anchors on Auditory-Perceptual Evaluation of Dysphonia in Speech-Language Pathology Students"],"prefix":"10.1044","volume":"64","author":[{"given":"Denise Wai-Man","family":"Wong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Speech Language Pathology and Audiology, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7135-9702","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Roger W.","family":"Chan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Speech Language Pathology and Audiology, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chia-Hsin","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Speech Language Pathology and Audiology, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1310","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/14015439.2015.1091036"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anl.2014.11.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvoice.2015.01.007"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/17549507.2012.679746"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1044\/1092-4388(2002\/009)"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvoice.2005.03.007"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvoice.2016.05.021"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1044\/2018_JSLHR-S-17-0386"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_1","volume-title":"Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences","author":"Cohen J.","year":"1988","unstructured":"Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences (2nd ed.). Erlbaum.","edition":"2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9780470696750"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0892-1997(97)80026-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s004050000299"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000276864"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvoice.2017.10.020"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1044\/1092-4388(2010\/09-0205)"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1044\/jshr.3601.14"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvoice.2014.07.006"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1044\/1058-0360(2010\/09-0012)"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_1","volume-title":"Clinical examination of voice","author":"Hirano M.","year":"1981","unstructured":"Hirano, M. (1981). Clinical examination of voice. Springer."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvoice.2011.06.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1044\/1058-0360(2008\/08-0017)"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1044\/1058-0360.0503.07"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcm.2016.02.012"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1044\/jshr.3601.21"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wocn.2010.08.004"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvoice.2011.07.006"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvoice.2012.03.005"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.95.3.355"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.22237\/jmasm\/1257035100"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0278-7393.15.2.352"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_33_1","first-page":"97","article-title":"Nasaliteitsmeting met de nasometer [Nasality measurement with the nasometer]","volume":"63","author":"Van de Weijer J.","year":"1991","unstructured":"Van de Weijer, J. , & Slis, I. (1991). Nasaliteitsmeting met de nasometer [Nasality measurement with the nasometer]. Logopedie en Foniatrie, 63, 97\u2013101.","journal-title":"Logopedie en Foniatrie"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-003-0707-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_35_1","unstructured":"WEVOSYS Medical Technology GmbH. (2018). ORB\u2014Learning and practice (GRBAS) [Mobile application software]\n. \nhttps:\/\/www.wevosys.com\/products\/apps\/rbh_orb\/index.html"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02701367.1994.10607635"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0892-1997(99)80006-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000070726"}],"container-title":["Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/pubs.asha.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1044\/2020_JSLHR-20-00214","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,19]],"date-time":"2021-04-19T00:09:25Z","timestamp":1618790965000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/pubs.asha.org\/doi\/10.1044\/2020_JSLHR-20-00214"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,14]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,14]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1044\/2020_JSLHR-20-00214"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1044\/2020_jslhr-20-00214","relation":{},"ISSN":["1092-4388","1558-9102"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1092-4388","type":"print"},{"value":"1558-9102","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,14]]}}}