{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T17:01:34Z","timestamp":1791910894198,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":80,"publisher":"American Speech Language Hearing Association","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Perspect ASHA SIGs"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Purpose:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>The aims of this study were, in a cohort of children with neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome (NOWS), (a) to report 1-year neurodevelopmental outcomes and specifically characterize speech, language, and hearing outcomes and (b) to report the prevalence of cleft lip and\/or cleft palate.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Method:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>\n              This prospective observational cohort study includes newborns with confirmed in utero opioid exposure who received pharmacological treatment for NOWS. During 1-year-old developmental visits, we administered standardized assessments (Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development\u2013Third Edition [Bayley-III] or Developmental Assessment of Young Children\u2013Second Edition [DAYC-2]\u2014due to COVID-19 restrictions). We compared Bayley-III scores to standardized population means using one-sample\n              <jats:italic>z<\/jats:italic>\n              tests. We report estimates, 95% confidence intervals, and two-sided\n              <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n              values.\n            <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>We enrolled 202 infants (October 2018 to March 2020). Follow-up at 1-year was 80%. Infants with NOWS had lower Bayley-III scores at 1 year compared to published norms for cognitive, language, and motor domains. One infant with NOWS was diagnosed with isolated cleft palate and Pierre Robin sequence. All infants passed the newborn hearing screen, and 7.5% had a formal hearing evaluation after neonatal intensive care unit discharge, with 40% having abnormal or inconclusive results; middle ear effusion was the leading cause of abnormal hearing (66.7%). Ten percent of children received a speech-language pathology referral prior to 2 years of age. Infants born to mothers with mental health conditions were more likely to have Bayley-III or DAYC-2 scores below 95 in language or motor domains.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Infants with pharmacologically treated NOWS have significantly lower cognitive, language, and motor scores on standardized developmental testing compared to population means at 1 year of age. Early speech-language pathology referral is frequently necessary to promote optimal development in this population.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Supplemental Material:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>\n              <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.23641\/asha.20044403\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.23641\/asha.20044403<\/jats:ext-link>\n            <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1044\/2022_persp-21-00270","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,27]],"date-time":"2022-06-27T19:03:26Z","timestamp":1656356606000},"page":"1019-1032","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["One-Year Neurodevelopmental Outcomes After Neonatal Opioid Withdrawal Syndrome: A Prospective Cohort Study"],"prefix":"10.1044","volume":"7","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0885-2737","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kristen L.","family":"Benninger","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Nationwide Children's Hospital and The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus"},{"name":"Center for Perinatal Research, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Celine","family":"Richard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center College of Medicine, Memphis"},{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sara","family":"Conroy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biostatistics Core, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH"},{"name":"Center for Biostatistics, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julia","family":"Newton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Perinatal Research, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H. Gerry","family":"Taylor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Nationwide Children's Hospital and The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus"},{"name":"Center for Biobehavioral Health, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alaisha","family":"Sayed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Nationwide Children's Hospital and The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus"},{"name":"Center for Perinatal Research, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lindsay","family":"Pietruszewski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Perinatal Research, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mary Ann","family":"Nelin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Nationwide Children's Hospital and The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nancy","family":"Batterson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Nationwide Children's Hospital and The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus"},{"name":"Center for Perinatal Research, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8520-9302","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nathalie L.","family":"Maitre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Emory University and Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, GA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1310","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/adb.12895"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2009.01.020"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_1","volume-title":"Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development\u2013Third Edition","author":"Bayley N.","year":"2006","unstructured":"Bayley, N. 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