{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T14:40:47Z","timestamp":1780497647507,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"American Speech Language Hearing Association","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Am J Audiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Purpose:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>This study aimed to identify the prevalence of conductive\/mixed and sensorineural hearing loss, with an attempt to differentiate between sensory and neural components in 85-year-olds.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Method:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>\n              A comprehensive auditory test protocol, including pure-tone audiometry, speech audiometry, auditory brainstem response (ABR), and distortion product otoacoustic emission (DPOAE), was used to identify different types of hearing loss in 85-year-olds. This study comprised a subsample (\n              <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n              = 125) selected from an unscreened cohort of 85-year-olds born in 1930, within the Gothenburg H70 Birth Cohort Studies in Sweden.\n            <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Test results were reported descriptively. Sensorineural hearing loss was present in one or both ears in almost all participants (98%), and the majority had absent DPOAEs. Only approximately 6% had additional conductive hearing loss, that is, mixed hearing loss. Approximately 20% of the participants with a pure-tone average at 0.5\u20134 kHz &lt; 60 dB HL had worse word recognition scores compared with predicted scores by the Speech Intelligibility Index (SII), whereas only two participants were classified with neural dysfunction with the use of ABR.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Sensorineural hearing loss, likely related to outer hair cell loss, was present in the vast majority of 85-year-olds. Conductive\/mixed hearing loss appears to be relatively rare in advanced age. Poor word recognition scores in relation to SII-predicted scores were relatively common (20%) in 85-year-olds, whereas auditory neuropathy was only rarely identified (1.6%) by the use of ABR latencies. To explain abnormal word recognition and to identify the neural component of hearing loss among the older-old population, future research should consider factors such as listening effort and cognition among the older-old population.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1044\/2023_aja-22-00214","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,17]],"date-time":"2023-05-17T14:56:55Z","timestamp":1684335415000},"page":"440-452","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Pathophysiological and Clinical Aspects of Hearing Loss Among 85-Year-Olds"],"prefix":"10.1044","volume":"32","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7300-684X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hanna","family":"G\u00f6thberg","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Audiology Unit, Department of Health and Rehabilitation, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, University of Gothenburg, Sweden"},{"name":"Region V\u00e4stra G\u00f6taland, Habilitation &amp; Health, Hearing Organization, Gothenburg, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ingmar","family":"Skoog","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuropsychiatric Epidemiology Unit, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, Centre for Ageing and Health, University of Gothenburg, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tomas","family":"Tengstrand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Region V\u00e4stra G\u00f6taland, Habilitation &amp; Health, Hearing Organization, Gothenburg, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lennart","family":"Magnusson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Audiology Unit, Department of Health and Rehabilitation, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, University of Gothenburg, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Hoff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Audiology Unit, Department of Health and Rehabilitation, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, University of Gothenburg, Sweden"},{"name":"Region V\u00e4stra G\u00f6taland, Habilitation &amp; Health, Hearing Organization, Gothenburg, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ulf","family":"Rosenhall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Audiology Unit, Department of Health and Rehabilitation, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, University of Gothenburg, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andr\u00e9","family":"Sadeghi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Audiology Unit, Department of Health and Rehabilitation, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, University of Gothenburg, Sweden"},{"name":"Region V\u00e4stra G\u00f6taland, Habilitation &amp; Health, Hearing Organization, Gothenburg, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1310","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/14992020903160892"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Cellular pattern and nerve supply of the human organ of Corti","author":"Bredberg G.","year":"1968","unstructured":"Bredberg, G. 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