{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,23]],"date-time":"2026-01-23T16:38:11Z","timestamp":1769186291267,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":11,"publisher":"American Speech Language Hearing Association","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Speech Lang Hear Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1993,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The role of visual feedback in the treatment of defective \/s\/ sounds in patients with cleft palate is described. Six patients with cleft palate who were similar in age, velopharyngeal function, and type of misarticulation were selected for this study. Treatment was provided using either visual feedback or no visual feedback. Visual feedback for tongue placement was provided by the Rion Electropalatograph (EPG). Visual feedback for frication was provided by a multi-function speech training aid (MFSTA). Improvement in \/s\/ sound production was assessed objectively using a method described previously (Michi et al., 1986). The results indicated that visual feedback for tongue placement and frication was especially useful in the treatment of defective \/s\/ sounds in patients with cleft palate who exhibited abnormal posterior tongue posturing during the production of dental or alveolar sounds.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1044\/jshr.3602.277","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,29]],"date-time":"2014-07-29T21:19:39Z","timestamp":1406668779000},"page":"277-285","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"title":["Role of Visual Feedback Treatment for Defective \/s\/ Sounds in Patients With Cleft Palate"],"prefix":"10.1044","volume":"36","author":[{"given":"Ken-ichi","family":"Michi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"First Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery School of Dentistry Showa University Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yukari","family":"Yamashita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"First Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery School of Dentistry Showa University Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Satoko","family":"Imai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"First Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery School of Dentistry Showa University Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Noriko","family":"Suzuki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"First Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery School of Dentistry Showa University Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hiroshi","family":"Yoshida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"First Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery School of Dentistry Showa University Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1310","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.5112\/jjlp.21.148","article-title":"Khogairetsugengo no kensa-hoo nitsuite [Assessment of cleft palate speech]","volume":"21","author":"Abe M.","year":"1980","journal-title":"he Japan Journal of Logopedics and Phoniatrics"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.5112\/jjlp.22.209","article-title":"Articulation test","volume":"22","author":"Abe M.","year":"1981","journal-title":"The Japan Journal of Logopedics and Phoniatrics"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.3109\/02699208908985274","article-title":"Deviant articulation in a cleft palate child following late repair of the hard palate: A description and remediation procedure using electropalatography (EPG)","volume":"3","author":"Gibbon F.","year":"1989","journal-title":"Clinical Linguistics & Phonetics"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_1","first-page":"136","article-title":"Instrumental articulatory phonetics in assessment and remediation; Case studies with the electropalatograph","author":"Hardcastle W. J.","year":"1989","journal-title":"Cleft palate: The nature and remediation of communicative problems"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1044\/jshd.5103.226"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_1","first-page":"419","volume-title":"Craniofacial abnormalities and clefts of the lip, alveolus and palate","author":"Michi K.","year":"1990"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_1","first-page":"154","article-title":"Speech therapy of the palatalized articulation by use of a dynamic palatograph","volume":"5","author":"Okazaki K.","year":"1980","journal-title":"Journal of Japanese Cleft Palate Association"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_1","first-page":"193","article-title":"Articulatory additions to the classical description of the speech of persons with cleft palate","volume":"18","author":"Trost J. 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