{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T09:57:03Z","timestamp":1792144623493,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"American Speech Language Hearing Association","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Speech Lang Hear Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1994,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>In this study, a double-blind placebo-controlled approach was used to assess the relation between hydration level and phonatory effort. Twelve adult, untrained voice users with normal voices participated as subjects. Each subject received a 4-hour hydration treatment, a 4-hour dehydration treatment, and a 4-hour placebo (control) treatment. Following each treatment, phonatory effort was measured with a physiological measure, phonation threshold pressure (PTP), and with a psychological measure, direct magnitude estimation of perceived phonatory effort (DMEPPE). Summarizing the results across these measures, the findings indicated an inverse relation between phonatory effort and hydration level, but primarily for high-pitched phonation tasks. The findings for PTPs replicated those from an earlier study conducted without double-blind experimental manipulations (Verdolini-Marston, Titze, &amp; Druker, 1990). Theoretical discussion focuses on the possible role of vocal fold tissue viscosity for hydration and dehydration effects, although direct measures of tissue viscosity are lacking.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1044\/jshr.3705.1001","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,29]],"date-time":"2014-07-29T21:12:41Z","timestamp":1406668361000},"page":"1001-1007","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":223,"title":["Dependence of Phonatory Effort on Hydration Level"],"prefix":"10.1044","volume":"37","author":[{"given":"Katherine","family":"Verdolini","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Speech Pathology and Audiology, National Center for Voice and Speech, The University of Iowa Iowa City"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ingo R.","family":"Titze","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Speech Pathology and Audiology, National Center for Voice and Speech, The University of Iowa, Iowa City Recording and Research Center Denver Center for the Performing Arts, Denver, CO"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ann","family":"Fennell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Speech Pathology and Audiology, National Center for Voice and Speech, The University of Iowa Iowa City"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1310","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_1","unstructured":"Cotton R. H. & Brown W. S. (1972 November). Some relationships between vocal effort and intraoral pressure. Paper presented at the 84th meeting of the Acoustical Society of America. Miami FL"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_1","first-page":"201","volume-title":"Sputum: Fundamentals and clinical pathology","author":"Dulfano M. J.","year":"1973"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"320","DOI":"10.1016\/S0892-1997(88)80005-5","article-title":"The effect of viscosity changes in the vocal folds on the range of oscillation","volume":"1","author":"Finkelhor B. K.","year":"1988","journal-title":"Journal of Voice"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_1","first-page":"47","volume-title":"Methods for using a noninvasive technique for estimating glottal functions from oral measurements","author":"Holmberg E.","year":"1987"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-1-4832-2871-6.50019-9","volume-title":"Salivary glands and their secretions","author":"Holmes J. 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