{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T16:50:45Z","timestamp":1790873445744,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"American Speech Language Hearing Association","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Speech Lang Hear Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1997,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Previous studies of older listeners suggest age-related declines in speech recognition. However, the interpretation of these results is not straightforward because auditory thresholds, which account for the largest proportion of the variance in speech-recognition scores, also vary considerably with age. Here, effects of age, gender, and auditory thresholds on several measures of speech recognition were assessed for a large sample of individuals enrolled in a longitudinal study of agerelated hearing loss. Participants ranged in age from 55\u201384 years. They were evaluated with a battery of conventional audiometric measures and speechrecognition materials, including NU-6 monosyllabic words, Synthetic Sentence Identification sentences, and high-context and low-context sentences from the Speech Perception in Noise test. Two analyses were conducted to assure that changes in speech-recognition scores with age were examined independently of age-related changes in auditory thresholds. In the first analysis, no significant differences in speech recognition were observed for individuals in three age groups (55\u201364, 65\u201374, 75\u201384 years) who were selected so that average puretone thresholds for the groups were within 5 dB. In the second analysis, using partial correlations to adjust both score and age for their association with average thresholds, significant declines with age were observed for males in maximum word recognition, maximum synthetic sentence identification, and keyword recognition in high-context sentences. For females, no significant changes in speech recognition with age were observed for any test.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1044\/jslhr.4002.444","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,29]],"date-time":"2014-07-29T21:03:03Z","timestamp":1406667783000},"page":"444-452","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":68,"title":["Age-Related and Gender-Related Changes in Monaural Speech Recognition"],"prefix":"10.1044","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"Judy R.","family":"Dubno","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology and Communicative Sciences Medical University of South Carolina Charleston"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fu-Shing","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology and Communicative Sciences Medical University of South Carolina Charleston"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lois J.","family":"Matthews","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology and Communicative Sciences Medical University of South Carolina Charleston"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John H.","family":"Mills","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology and Communicative Sciences Medical University of South Carolina Charleston"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1310","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_1","volume-title":"Specification for audiometers","author":"American National Standards Institute","year":"1989"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_1","volume-title":"Manual for the clinical use of the revised SPIN test","author":"Bilger R.","year":"1984"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"813","DOI":"10.1121\/1.399731","article-title":"Age changes in pure-tone hearing thresholds in a longitudinal study of normal human aging.","volume":"88","author":"Brant L.","year":"1990","journal-title":"Journal of the Acoustical Society of America"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1374","DOI":"10.1121\/1.398697","article-title":"Binaural speech intelligibility in noise for hearing-impaired listeners.","volume":"86","author":"Bronkhorst A.","year":"1989","journal-title":"Journal of the Acoustical Society of America"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1121\/1.391011","article-title":"Effects of age and mild hearing loss on speech recognition in noise.","volume":"76","author":"Dubno J.","year":"1984","journal-title":"Journal of the Acoustical Society of America"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"490","DOI":"10.1044\/jshr.3802.490","article-title":"Confidence limits for maximum word-recognition scores.","volume":"38","author":"Dubno J.","year":"1995","journal-title":"Journal of Speech and Hearing Research"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"955","DOI":"10.1288\/00005537-194809000-00002","article-title":"Articulation testing methods.","volume":"58","author":"Egan J.","year":"1948","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1725","DOI":"10.1121\/1.400247","article-title":"Effects of fluctuating noise and interfering speech on the speech-reception threshold for impaired and normal hearing.","volume":"88","author":"Festen J.","year":"1990","journal-title":"Journal of the Acoustical Society of America"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.1993.01880140038006","article-title":"The relation of hearing in the elderly to the presence of cardiovascular disease and cardiovascular risk factors.","volume":"119","author":"Gates G.","year":"1993","journal-title":"Archives of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.3109\/00016489109137382","article-title":"Incidence of hearing decline in the elderly.","volume":"111","author":"Gates G.","year":"1991","journal-title":"Acta Otolaryngologica (Stockholm)"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_1","first-page":"247","article-title":"Hearing in the elderly: The Framingham cohort, 1983\u20131985.","volume":"4","author":"Gates G.","year":"1990","journal-title":"Part I. Basic audiometric test results. Ear and Hearing"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.1121\/1.396426","article-title":"Sentence recognition in noise from one versus two sources: Effects of aging and hearing loss.","volume":"83","author":"Gelfand S.","year":"1988","journal-title":"Journal of the Acoustical Society of America"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"706","DOI":"10.1044\/jshr.3803.706","article-title":"Comparing recognition of distorted speech using an equivalent signal-to-noise ratio index.","volume":"38","author":"Gordon-Salant S.","year":"1995","journal-title":"Journal of Speech and Hearing Research"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1150","DOI":"10.1044\/jshr.3805.1150","article-title":"Recognition of multiply degraded speech by young and elderly listeners.","volume":"38","author":"Gordon-Salant S.","year":"1995","journal-title":"Journal of Speech and Hearing Research"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1044\/jshd.1703.321"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"726","DOI":"10.1044\/jshr.3304.726","article-title":"Speech-recognition difficulties of the hearing-impaired elderly: The contributions of audibility.","volume":"33","author":"Humes L.","year":"1990","journal-title":"Journal of Speech and Hearing Research"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_1","first-page":"115","article-title":"Audiological findings in aging.","volume":"20","author":"Jerger J.","year":"1973","journal-title":"Advances in Otorhinolaryngology"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_1","first-page":"193","volume-title":"Presbyacusis and Other Age Related Aspects. 14th Danavox Symposium","author":"Jerger J.","year":"1990"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_1","first-page":"33","article-title":"Can age-related decline in speech understanding be explained by peripheral hearing loss?","volume":"3","author":"Jerger J.","year":"1992","journal-title":"Journal of the American Academy of Audiology"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.1097\/00003446-199408000-00002","article-title":"Effects of age and gender on dichotic sentence identification.","volume":"15","author":"Jerger J.","year":"1994","journal-title":"Ear and Hearing"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_1","first-page":"42","article-title":"Gender affects audiometric shape in presbyacusis.","volume":"4","author":"Jerger J.","year":"1993","journal-title":"Journal of the American Academy of Audiology"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.1977.00780210072008","article-title":"Diagnostic speech audiometry.","volume":"103","author":"Jerger J.","year":"1977","journal-title":"Archives of Otolaryngology"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1337","DOI":"10.1121\/1.381436","article-title":"Development of a test of speech intelligibility in noise using test materials with controlled word predictability.","volume":"61","author":"Kalikow D.","year":"1977","journal-title":"Journal of the Acoustical Society of America"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_25_1","volume-title":"Analysis of blood chemistry and hearing levels in a sample of older persons","author":"Lee F.","year":"1997"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_26_1","article-title":"Gender-specific effects of medicinal drugs on hearing levels of older persons","author":"Lee F.","journal-title":"Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1097\/00003446-198507000-00003","article-title":"Hearing loss in the elderly: An epidemiologic study of the Framingham heart study cohort.","volume":"6","author":"Mo\u015bcicki E.","year":"1985","journal-title":"Ear and Hearing"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_28_1","first-page":"226","volume-title":"Applied linear regression models","author":"Neter J.","year":"1983"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1196","DOI":"10.1121\/1.412231","article-title":"Gender differences in a longitudinal study of age-associated hearing loss.","volume":"97","author":"Pearson J.","year":"1995","journal-title":"Journal of the Acoustical Society of America"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-5955(90)90122-6","article-title":"Tuning and suppression in auditory nerve fibers of aged gerbils raised in quiet or noise.","volume":"45","author":"Schmiedt R.","year":"1990","journal-title":"Hearing Research"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_31_1","first-page":"303","article-title":"SPIN test performance of elderly hearing-impaired listeners.","volume":"3","author":"Schum D.","year":"1992","journal-title":"Journal of the American Academy of Audiology"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"636","DOI":"10.1044\/jshr.3403.636","article-title":"Actual and predicted word recognition performance of elderly hearing impaired listeners.","volume":"34","author":"Schum D.","year":"1991","journal-title":"Journal of Speech and Hearing Research"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"655","DOI":"10.1044\/jshr.3703.655","article-title":"Masking of speech in young and elderly listeners with hearing loss.","volume":"37","author":"Souza P.","year":"1994","journal-title":"Journal of Speech and Hearing Research"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1044\/jshr.0802.185"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1044\/jshr.2803.455","article-title":"A \u201crationalized\u201d arcsine transformation.","volume":"28","author":"Studebaker G.","year":"1985","journal-title":"Journal of Speech and Hearing Research"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1410","DOI":"10.1044\/jshr.3506.1410","article-title":"Modulation detection, modulation masking, and speech understanding in noise in the elderly.","volume":"35","author":"Takahashi G.","year":"1992","journal-title":"Journal of Speech and Hearing Research"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.21236\/AD0639638","volume-title":"An expanded test for speech discrimination utilizing CNC monosyllabic words (Northwestern University Auditory Test No. 6)","author":"Tillman T.","year":"1966"}],"container-title":["Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/pubs.asha.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1044\/jslhr.4002.444","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,19]],"date-time":"2021-04-19T02:17:21Z","timestamp":1618798641000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/pubs.asha.org\/doi\/10.1044\/jslhr.4002.444"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1997,4]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1997,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1044\/jslhr.4002.444"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1044\/jslhr.4002.444","relation":{},"ISSN":["1092-4388","1558-9102"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1092-4388","type":"print"},{"value":"1558-9102","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1997,4]]}}}