{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,28]],"date-time":"2025-10-28T03:11:28Z","timestamp":1761621088074},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"American Speech Language Hearing Association","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Speech Lang Hear Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>Difficulties with intonation and vibrato control during the menstrual cycle have been reported by singers; however, this phenomenon has not yet been systematically investigated.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Method<\/jats:title><jats:p>A double-blind randomized placebo-controlled trial assessing effects of the menstrual cycle and use of a combined oral contraceptive pill (OCP) on pitch control in singing is presented. Audio-electrolaryngograph recordings were made and blood samples were taken from 9 singers in each of the 3 phases of the menstrual cycle both under the placebo and the OCP conditions for a total of 6 months. Participants sang an exercise consisting of an ascending octave followed by a descending major triad, starting on pitches F4 and B4. Pitch control was assessed in terms of the octave\u2019s deviations from pure intonation and of the vibrato rate and extent.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Significant differences were found between the 3 phases of the cycle regarding octave size only for pitch F5 during OCP use. Significant vibrato rate differences between placebo and OCP conditions were found only for pitch F5.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>OCP use may have an effect on pitch control in singers. Possible explanations point to a complex interaction between hormonal milieu and pitch control, enhancing the need for longitudinal studies.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1044\/1092-4388(2011\/10-0348)","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,12,24]],"date-time":"2011-12-24T02:03:19Z","timestamp":1324692199000},"page":"247-261","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Effects of the Menstrual Cycle and Oral Contraception on Singers' Pitch Control"],"prefix":"10.1044","volume":"55","author":[{"given":"Filipa M. 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