{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,31]],"date-time":"2025-10-31T06:56:53Z","timestamp":1761893813217},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2001,12,25]],"date-time":"2001-12-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1009238400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":908,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Genes to Cells"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1999,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>The<jats:italic>pts<\/jats:italic>operon of<jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic>consists of three genes<jats:italic>ptsH<\/jats:italic>,<jats:italic>ptsI<\/jats:italic>and<jats:italic>crr<\/jats:italic>, each encoding for central components of the phosphoenolpyruvate: carbohydrate phosphotransferase system, HPr, enzyme I and IIA<jats:sup>Glc<\/jats:sup>, respectively. Transcription of the<jats:italic>pts<\/jats:italic>operon is stimulated when glucose is present in the culture medium. One of the two major promoters, P0, is responsible for this glucose induction. However, no regulatory protein responsible for the glucose induction of the<jats:italic>pts<\/jats:italic>operon has been identified yet and molecular mechanism by which glucose stimulates the<jats:italic>pts<\/jats:italic>transcription is not known.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>We found by Northern blotting that the<jats:italic>pts<\/jats:italic>mRNA levels in cells lacking Mlc, a new global repressor of carbohydrate metabolism, were increased without external glucose and that the addition of glucose had no effect on the<jats:italic>pts<\/jats:italic>mRNA levels in the mutant cells. Western blotting revealed that the enzyme I level in the<jats:italic>mlc<jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup><\/jats:italic>cells was also elevated without glucose and no further increase in the enzyme I level was observed in the presence of glucose. S1 analysis revealed that transcription of the glucose\u2010sensitive promoter, P0, occurs constitutively in the<jats:italic>mlc<jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup><\/jats:italic>cells independently from the external glucose.<jats:italic>In vitro<\/jats:italic>transcription studies indicated that Mlc strongly inhibited P0 transcription. DNase I footprinting experiment revealed that Mlc bound to P0 promoter region to prevent RNA polymerase binding at P0.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>We conclude that Mlc is a repressor for the<jats:italic>pts<\/jats:italic>transcription acting as a major regulatory protein involved in the glucose induction of<jats:italic>pts<\/jats:italic>operon. We propose that glucose induces the<jats:italic>pts<\/jats:italic>transcription by modulating the Mlc activity. The mechanism by which glucose modulates the Mlc action remains to be studied.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2443.1999.00268.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,3,11]],"date-time":"2003-03-11T22:41:02Z","timestamp":1047422462000},"page":"391-399","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":46,"title":["Negative regulation of the<i>pts<\/i>operon by Mlc: mechanism underlying glucose induction in<i>Escherichia coli<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"4","author":[{"given":"Yuya","family":"Tanaka","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Keiko","family":"Kimata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Toshifumi","family":"Inada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Hideaki","family":"Tagami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Hiroji","family":"Aiba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2001,12,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)68491-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.170.9.3827-3837.1988"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.173.2.727-733.1991"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-2836(92)90620-Y"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-1119(85)90172-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2958.1998.00694.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1432-1033.1984.tb08438.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.66.2.480"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.1993.tb01960.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2958.1998.01035.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.94.24.12914"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.bi.59.070190.002433"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_2","unstructured":"Miller J.(1972)Experiments in Molecular Genetics. 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