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The aim of this study was therefore to examine the effect of mycobacterial infection on established allergy in a murine model of asthma\u2010like reaction. Mice were sensitized with ovalbumin (OVA) in alum followed by infection with BCG and subsequent intranasal challenge with the same allergen. In some experiments, mice were sensitized with OVA followed by intranasal challenge with OVA and then given BCG infection with subsequent rechallenge with OVA. Mice without BCG infection but treated with OVA in the same manner, were used as a control. The mice were examined for immunoglobulin E (IgE) response and eosinophilic inflammation, mucus production, cytokine\/chemokine patterns and adhesion molecule expression in the lung. The results showed that postallergen BCG infection suppressed the established airway eosinophilia and mucus overproduction, but not IgE responses. The inhibition of asthma\u2010like reactions by BCG infection was correlated with a shift of allergen\u2010driven cytokine production pattern and, more interestingly, with a dramatic decrease of vascular cell adhesion molecule\u20101 (VCAM\u20101) expression in the lung. These findings suggest that intracellular bacterial infection can inhibit established allergic responses via alteration of local cytokine production and the expression of adhesion molecules.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1046\/j.0019-2805.2002.01377.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,3,12]],"date-time":"2003-03-12T02:30:50Z","timestamp":1047436250000},"page":"336-343","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":41,"title":["Mycobacterial infection inhibits established allergic inflammatory responses via alteration of cytokine production and vascular cell adhesion molecule\u20101 expression"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"105","author":[{"given":"Xi","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yijun","family":"Fan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shuhe","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaobing","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jie","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Bilenki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lijun","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2002,3,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.52.1.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-5699(99)01475-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_2","first-page":"402","article-title":"The epidemic of allergy and asthma","volume":"25","author":"Holgate ST","year":"1999","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.275.5296.77"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.187.4.561"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0091-6749(98)70030-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1165\/ajrcmb.20.6.3546"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2567.1999.00856.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.161.12.7054"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2555","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.160.6.2555","article-title":"Modulation of airway inflammation by CpG oligodeoxynucleotides in a murine model of asthma","volume":"160","author":"Kline JN","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2567.1998.00432.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.161.8.4146"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.164.1.223"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1521-4141(200002)30:2<382::AID-IMMU382>3.0.CO;2-L"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_2","volume-title":"Pathological Technique","author":"Mallory FB","year":"1944"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.186.10.1737"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2954","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.149.9.2954","article-title":"Effects of tumor necrosis factor, lipopolysaccharide, and IL\u20104 on the expression of vascular cell adhesion molecule\u20101 in vivo. 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