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We investigated the effect of PBN on the formation of 3,4\u2010dihydroxybenzoic acid (3,4\u2010DHBA) as a measure of OH radical formation, during and following middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). Rats, subjected to 2\u2003h of ischaemia followed by 3\u2003h of recirculation, were injected with either vehicle or PBN (100\u2003mg\u2003kg<jats:sup>\u20131<\/jats:sup> i.p.) prior to MCAO or immediately after recirculation, respectively. The <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic> microdialysis technique was used to collect samples for analysis of 3,4\u2010DHBA by HPLC. The basal levels of 3,4\u2010DHBA were 56\u201377\u2003nmol\u2003L<jats:sup>\u20131<\/jats:sup> in the four groups. During ischaemia, the formation of 3,4\u2010DHBA decreased by about 50% in all groups. Upon recirculation, a 3\u2010fold rise in 3,4\u2010DHBA formation was seen. At 2\u2003h of recirculation the mean value of 3,4\u2010DHBA in the pretreated, vehicle\u2010injected animals was 125\u2003\u00b1\u200318\u2003nmol\u2003L<jats:sup>\u20131<\/jats:sup> and in the PBN\u2010injected 145\u2003\u00b1\u200348\u2003nmol\u2003L<jats:sup>\u20131<\/jats:sup>, respectively. When the animals were treated after MCAO either with vehicle or PBN the values at 2 h recirculation were 155\u2003\u00b1\u2003148 and 189\u2003\u00b1\u2003145\u2003nmol\u2003L<jats:sup>\u20131<\/jats:sup>, respectively. No statistically significant difference between vehicle\u2010 and PBN\u2010injected groups was seen. We conclude that during reperfusion following MCAO, hydroxyl radical formation increases. The increase is not ameliorated by PBN which suggests that PBN does not protect the brain by a general scavenging of OH radicals, although tissue specific actions cannot be excluded.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-201x.2000.00657.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,3,11]],"date-time":"2003-03-11T03:31:21Z","timestamp":1047353481000},"page":"277-285","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["The effect of \u03b1\u2010phenyl\u2010tert\u2010butyl nitrone (PBN) on free radical formation in transient focal ischaemia measured by microdialysis and 3,4\u2010dihydroxybenzoate formation"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"168","author":[{"family":"Gid\u00f6","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"family":"Cronberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"family":"Wieloch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2001,12,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1471-4159.1995.64052222.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004647-199607000-00022"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004647-199710000-00006"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/jcbfm.1994.3"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.20.7.930"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.23.2.273"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3940(88)90132-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(94)91689-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/10715769509065257"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02896848"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11520","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)50231-9","article-title":"Nitric oxide formation during light\u2010induced decomposition of phenyl N\u2010 tert\u2010butylnitrone","volume":"268","author":"Chamulitrat W.","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/10715769509064014"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.27.6.1124"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/10715769009145690"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0891-5849(90)90110-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0891-5849(93)90021-L"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0891-5849(92)90151-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_2","first-page":"315","article-title":"The role of adhesion molecules in reducing cerebral ischemic cell damage","volume":"71","author":"Chopp M.","year":"1996","journal-title":"Adv Neurol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1471-4159.1998.70010276.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Floyd G.1997.Production of Free Radicals. 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