{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T14:55:09Z","timestamp":1791212109571,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2000,6,1]],"date-time":"2000-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":959817600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,6,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>This study examines the prevalence of sun-related damage to the skin in a caucasian population in north-west England. The importance of constitutional factors (complexion, skin type and age) as well as environmental and occupational exposures for the development of actinic keratosis (AK) and skin cancers was assessed in people over 40 years of age attending outpatient clinics (non-dermatology) at four centres in north-west England (Mersey region). Nine hundred and sixty-eight volunteers (531 men and 437 women) were recruited. The overall prevalence of AK was 15\u00b74% in men and 5\u00b79% in women. The prevalence was strongly related to age in both sexes, being 34\u00b71% and 18\u00b72%, respectively, in men and women aged 70 years and above, and was most strongly related to two objective signs of sun exposure, namely degree of solar elastosis and presence of solar lentigines. The prevalence of AK was higher in subjects with red hair and freckles, particularly women. There was no evidence of an increased prevalence of AK in relation to any occupation. There was a high prevalence of seborrhoeic keratosis and viral warts in both sexes, which was age-related in the case of seborrhoeic keratosis. Ten cases of basal cell carcinoma, eight cases of Bowen\u2019s disease and one case of malignant melanoma were identified. This study shows that the sun exposure received in \u2018normal\u2019 life in England is sufficient to cause potentially malignant skin damage in a significant proportion of the population.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2133.2000.03541.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,3,11]],"date-time":"2003-03-11T05:27:52Z","timestamp":1047360472000},"page":"1154-1159","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":212,"title":["Prevalence of solar damage and actinic keratosis in a Merseyside population"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"142","author":[{"given":"A.A.","family":"Memon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Dermatology Unit, Department of Medicine, PO Box 169, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX, U.K. *ICI Epidemiology Unit, PO Box 7, Brunner House, Winnington, Northwich, Cheshire CW8 4DJ, U.K."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.A.","family":"Tomenson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dermatology Unit, Department of Medicine, PO Box 169, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX, U.K. *ICI Epidemiology Unit, PO Box 7, Brunner House, Winnington, Northwich, Cheshire CW8 4DJ, U.K."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Bothwell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dermatology Unit, Department of Medicine, PO Box 169, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX, U.K. *ICI Epidemiology Unit, PO Box 7, Brunner House, Winnington, Northwich, Cheshire CW8 4DJ, U.K."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P.S.","family":"Friedmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dermatology Unit, Department of Medicine, PO Box 169, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX, U.K. *ICI Epidemiology Unit, PO Box 7, Brunner House, Winnington, Northwich, Cheshire CW8 4DJ, U.K."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2000,6,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023013010224370900_b1","first-page":"471","article-title":"New concepts on the origin of squamous cell carcinomas of the skin: solar (senile) keratosis with squamous cell carcinoma\u2014a clinicopathologic and histochemical study","volume":"6","author":"Bendl","year":"1970","journal-title":"Proc Natl Cancer Conf"},{"key":"2023013010224370900_b2","first-page":"2129","volume-title":"Textbook of Dermatology","author":"Sanderson","year":"1979:","edition":"3rd edn"},{"key":"2023013010224370900_b3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"619","DOI":"10.5694\/j.1326-5377.1983.tb122724.x","article-title":"Non-melanotic skin cancer and solar keratoses in Victoria","volume":"2","author":"Marks","year":"1983","journal-title":"Med J 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