{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]],"date-time":"2026-07-31T10:30:59Z","timestamp":1785493859098,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2001,12,25]],"date-time":"2001-12-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1009238400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1058,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Br J Haematol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1999,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Interleukin\u20101\u03b2 (IL\u20101\u03b2) and tumour necrosis factor\u2010\u03b1 (TNF\u2010\u03b1) are potent bone resorbing cytokines that may contribute to the development of the osteolytic bone disease observed in patients with multiple myeloma (MM). Although these factors have been identified in cultures of bone marrow mononuclear cells isolated from patients, the identity of the cells responsible for producing IL\u20101\u03b2 and TNF\u03b1 remains unclear. Using a sensitive dual\u2010colour fluorescence <jats:italic>in situ<\/jats:italic> hybridization (FISH) technique and a two\u2010colour immunofluorescence method we have investigated the expression of the mRNA and protein, for IL\u20101\u03b2 and TNF\u03b1, by individual bone marrow plasma cells from patients with MM and monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS). The mRNA for IL\u20101\u03b2 and TNF\u03b1 was identified in all cells expressing the immunoglobulin light chain from all patients with MM and MGUS. However, the IL\u20101\u03b2\u2003protein could not be detected in cytoplasmic light chain positive cells in any of the patients examined. In contrast, the TNF\u03b1 protein was detected in clonal plasma cells from patients with both MM and MGUS. Interestingly, the IL\u20101\u03b2 and TNF\u03b1 mRNA and proteins were readily detected within a small proportion of the non\u2010plasma cells from patients with both MM and MGUS. These data suggest that myeloma cells <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic> are able to produce TNF\u03b1 but not IL\u20101\u03b2. In addition, a small proportion of accessory cells are likely to be able to contribute to the production of both IL\u20101\u03b2 and TNF\u03b1.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2141.1999.01193.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,3,11]],"date-time":"2003-03-11T06:09:31Z","timestamp":1047362971000},"page":"350-357","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":75,"title":["Expression of interleukin\u20101\u03b2 and tumour necrosis factor\u2010\u03b1 in plasma cells from patients with multiple myeloma"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"104","author":[{"given":"Hamdi I. A.","family":"Sati","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mike","family":"Greaves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jane F.","family":"Apperley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R. Graham G.","family":"Russell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter I.","family":"Croucher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2001,12,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/10428199109068091"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(19890301)63:5<877::AID-CNCR2820630514>3.0.CO;2-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/319516a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2141.1993.tb03331.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V88.10.3998.bloodjournal88103998"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0609.1994.tb00176.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2141.1990.tb06330.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V74.1.380.380"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V87.6.2095.bloodjournal8762095"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(197509)36:3<842::AID-CNCR2820360303>3.0.CO;2-U"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198708273170902"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/306378a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000205189"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V73.6.1646.1646"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_6_16_2","first-page":"57a","article-title":"Detection of interleukin\u20101\u03b2 (IL\u20101\u03b2) expression in plasma proliferative disorders by in situ hybridization. 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