{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,5]],"date-time":"2026-08-05T11:45:57Z","timestamp":1785930357682,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,3]],"date-time":"2002-07-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1025654400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":2,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Br J Haematol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>Summary.<\/jats:bold> The term monoclonal gammopathy (MG) signifies the benign or malignant clonal growth of B lymphocytes. In the present study, monoclonal gammopathy of unknown significance (MGUS) was defined as those patients with no identified haematological malignancy. A database was constructed of all 713 MG patients in Iceland between 1976 and 1997 and compared with the Icelandic Cancer Registry. The age\u2010standardized incidence per 100\u2003000 of MG was 10\u00b73 for males and 8\u00b76 for females, calculated for the whole period, rising steadily from 5\u00b78 (men) and 4\u00b79 (women) during the 5\u2010year period 1976\u201380 to 14\u00b77 (men) and 12\u00b75 (women) during the last 5\u2003year period. Age\u2010standardized incidence rates were very low for subjects under 50\u2003years of age, then increased with age from 11 and 17 per 100\u2003000 at 50\u201054, to 169 and 119 per 100\u2003000 at age 80\u201384, for men and women respectively. No association was detected between MG and non\u2010haematological malignancies, neither retrospectively nor prospectively. Haematological malignancy was diagnosed in 209 (29\u00b73%) cases before the recorded finding of MG or within the same calendar year, leaving 504 (70\u00b77%) patients diagnosed with MGUS. Of these, 51 (10%) progressed to multiple myeloma or Waldenstr\u00f6m's macroglobulinaemia after a mean interval of 3\u00b78\u2003years; mean follow\u2010up was 7\u00b74\u2003years, median 6\u2003years. The most common immunoglobulin (Ig) class was IgG (55%), followed by IgM (32%) and IgA (13%). MGUS was a highly significant risk factor for developing haematological malignancies and the risk was significantly greater for MG of the IgA class compared with either IgG or IgM.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2141.2002.03589.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,9,18]],"date-time":"2002-09-18T00:46:20Z","timestamp":1032309980000},"page":"166-173","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":41,"title":["Monoclonal gammopathy in Iceland: a population\u2010based registry and follow\u2010up"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"118","author":[{"given":"Helga M.","family":"\u00d6gmundsd\u00f3ttir","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vilhelm\u00edna","family":"Haraldsd\u00f3ttir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gu\u00f0mundur","family":"M. 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