{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,13]],"date-time":"2026-05-13T00:04:51Z","timestamp":1778630691850,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2000,7,1]],"date-time":"2000-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":962409600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,7,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Colostomy irrigation is a useful method of achieving faecal continence in selected conditions, but remains largely underutilized because it is time consuming. This study investigated the effect of modifying irrigation technique (route, infusion regimen and pharmacological manipulation) on colonic emptying time in a porcine model.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>An end-colostomy and caecostomy were fashioned in six pigs. Twenty markers were introduced into the caecum immediately before colonic irrigation. Irrigation route (antegrade or retrograde), infusion regimen (tap water, polyethylene glycol (PEG), 1\u00b75 per cent glycine) and pharmacological agent (glyceryl trinitrate (GTN) 0\u00b725 mg\/kg, diltiazem 3\u00b79 mg\/kg, bisacodyl 0\u00b725 mg\/kg) were assigned to each animal at random. Colonic transit was assessed by quantifying cumulative expelled markers (CEM) and stool every hour for 12 h.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Mean CEM at 6 h for bisacodyl, GTN and diltiazem were 18\u00b717, 12\u00b717 and zero respectively; all pairwise differences in means were significant (P &amp;lt; 0\u00b7001). The difference at 12 h between the two routes (P = 0\u00b7001) and three fluids (tap water 6\u00b775, glycine 14\u00b783, PEG 16\u00b733; P &amp;lt; 0\u00b7001) was significant, but not for PEG versus glycine and bisacodyl versus GTN. Cumulative output was significantly more with the antegrade than retrograde route using PEG, but the difference in mean cumulative output for bisacodyl and GTN at 12 h was not significant.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Colonic emptying is more efficient with antegrade than retrograde irrigation. PEG and glycine enhance emptying similar to bisacodyl and GTN solution. These findings show promise for improved faecal continence by colostomy irrigation and may justify construction of a Malone conduit at the time of colostomy in selected patients who wish to irrigate.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2168.2000.01444.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,3,11]],"date-time":"2003-03-11T07:15:13Z","timestamp":1047366913000},"page":"902-908","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Experimental study of faecal continence and colostomy irrigation"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"87","author":[{"given":"A","family":"O'Bichere","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"St Marks Hospital and Northwick Park Institute for Medical Research , Harrow,","place":["UK"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"P","family":"Sibbons","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"St Marks Hospital and Northwick Park Institute for Medical Research , Harrow,","place":["UK"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"C","family":"Dor\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"St Marks Hospital and Northwick Park Institute for Medical Research , Harrow,","place":["UK"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"C","family":"Green","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"St Marks Hospital and Northwick Park Institute for Medical Research , Harrow,","place":["UK"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R K S","family":"Phillips","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"St Marks Hospital and Northwick Park Institute for Medical Research , Harrow,","place":["UK"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2000,7,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024093004082083400_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.1800228516","article-title":"The origins and evolution 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