{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T04:06:04Z","timestamp":1792641964665,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2001,1,1]],"date-time":"2001-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":978307200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,1,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The aim was to gain insight into the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of axillary recurrence after axillary clearance for invasive breast cancer in a large patient series.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Between 1984 and 1994, 4669 patients with invasive breast cancer underwent axillary clearance in eight community hospitals in the south-eastern part of the Netherlands. Using follow-up data in a population-based cancer registry, 59 patients with axillary recurrence were identified.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The median interval between treatment of the primary tumour and the diagnosis of axillary recurrence was 2\u00b76 (range 0\u00b73\u201310\u00b77) years. In 51 patients (86 per cent), axillary recurrence was found by palpation during routine follow-up. Surgery was part of the treatment of recurrence for 41 of 59 patients. Regional control (complete eradication of axillary recurrence) was achieved in 34 patients (58 per cent). The 5-year actuarial survival rate was 39 (95 per cent confidence interval 25\u201353) per cent. Patients with negative axillary lymph nodes at the time of diagnosis of the primary tumour and complete eradication of axillary recurrence had the best prognosis.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Patients with axillary recurrence had a poor prognosis, except when complete eradication was achieved and axillary lymph nodes were negative at the time of diagnosis of the primary tumour.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2168.2001.01637.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,3,11]],"date-time":"2003-03-11T07:18:48Z","timestamp":1047367128000},"page":"118-122","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":39,"title":["Detection, treatment and outcome of axillary recurrence after axillary clearance for invasive breast cancer"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"88","author":[{"given":"R","family":"de Boer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, University of Maastricht , Maastricht,","place":["The Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H F P","family":"Hillen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Academic Hospital Maastricht , Maastricht,","place":["The Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R M H","family":"Roumen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, St Joseph Hospital , Veldhoven,","place":["The Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H J T","family":"Rutten","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Catharina Hospital , Eindhoven,","place":["The Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M J C","family":"van der Sangen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiotherapy, Catharina Hospital , Eindhoven,","place":["The Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A C","family":"Voogd","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Comprehensive Cancer Centre South , Eindhoven,","place":["The Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2001,1,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024093005380598900_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"368","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/91.4.368","article-title":"Sentinel lymph node biopsy and axillary dissection in breast cancer: results in a large series","volume":"91","author":"Veronesi","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Natl Cancer Inst"},{"key":"2024093005380598900_bib2","first-page":"2060","article-title":"Surgical treatment of recurrent breast carcinoma in the axilla","volume":"132","author":"Roukema","year":"1988","journal-title":"Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd"},{"key":"2024093005380598900_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1016\/0360-3016(87)90060-5","article-title":"Management of the axilla in conservatively treated breast cancer: 592 patients treated at Institut Gustave-Roussy","volume":"13","author":"Dewar","year":"1987","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"key":"2024093005380598900_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"988","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.1991.9.6.988","article-title":"Regional nodal failure after conservative surgery and radiotherapy for early-stage breast carcinoma","volume":"9","author":"Recht","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"2024093005380598900_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1069","DOI":"10.1016\/S0360-3016(97)00555-5","article-title":"The role of regional nodal irradiation in the management of patients with early-stage breast cancer treated with breast-conserving therapy","volume":"39","author":"Vicini","year":"1997","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"key":"2024093005380598900_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"617","DOI":"10.1016\/0959-8049(95)00603-6","article-title":"Isolated axillary recurrences after conservative treatment of breast cancer","volume":"32A","author":"Renolleau","year":"1996","journal-title":"Eur J Cancer"},{"key":"2024093005380598900_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1144","DOI":"10.1001\/archsurg.1990.01410210070010","article-title":"Level I and II axillary dissection in the treatment of early-stage breast cancer. 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