{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,19]],"date-time":"2026-09-19T10:51:33Z","timestamp":1789815093240,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2001,3,1]],"date-time":"2001-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":983404800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,3,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>The intestine is highly susceptible to free radical-induced damage and earlier work has shown that surgical stress induces generation of oxygen free radicals in enterocytes, resulting in intestinal damage along with changes in mitochondrial structure and function. Nitric oxide is an important mediator of gastrointestinal function and this study looked at the effect of nitric oxide on surgical stress-induced intestinal mitochondrial alterations.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Controls and rats pretreated with the nitric oxide donor l-arginine were subjected to surgical stress by opening the abdominal wall and handling the intestine. Enterocytes were isolated, mitochondria prepared and the protection offered by l-arginine against damage due to surgical stress was determined. Protection to structural as well as functional aspects of mitochondria was examined.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Mild handling of the intestine affected the enterocyte mitochondrial structure as assessed by lipid composition and electron microscopy. Mitochondria were also functionally impaired with altered calcium flux and decreased respiratory control ratio. Pretreatment with the nitric oxide synthase substrate l-arginine prevented these damaging effects of surgical stress. Protection with arginine was abolished by the nitric oxide synthase inhibitor NG-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester, indicating the role of nitric oxide.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Surgical stress in the small intestine can affect enterocyte mitochondrial structure and function. These damaging effects can be prevented by nitric oxide, an important modulator of cellular function.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2168.2001.01683.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,3,11]],"date-time":"2003-03-11T07:21:13Z","timestamp":1047367273000},"page":"393-399","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Nitric oxide prevents intestinal mitochondrial dysfunction induced by surgical stress"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"88","author":[{"given":"S","family":"Thomas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Wellcome Trust Research Laboratory, Department of Gastrointestinal Sciences, Christian Medical College and Hospital , Vellore-632004,","place":["India"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R","family":"Anup","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wellcome Trust Research Laboratory, Department of Gastrointestinal Sciences, Christian Medical College and Hospital , Vellore-632004,","place":["India"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P","family":"Susama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wellcome Trust Research Laboratory, Department of Gastrointestinal Sciences, Christian Medical College and Hospital , Vellore-632004,","place":["India"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K A","family":"Balasubramanian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wellcome Trust Research Laboratory, Department of Gastrointestinal Sciences, Christian Medical College and Hospital , Vellore-632004,","place":["India"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2001,3,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024093006211341200_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1097\/00000658-199208000-00002","article-title":"Multiple organ failure. Pathophysiology and potential future therapy","volume":"216","author":"Deitch","year":"1992","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"key":"2024093006211341200_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"560","DOI":"10.1016\/S0039-6060(99)70209-6","article-title":"Surgical stress and the small intestine: role of oxygen free radicals","volume":"125","author":"Anup","year":"1999","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"key":"2024093006211341200_bib3","first-page":"716","article-title":"Free radicals and surgical stress","volume":"97","author":"Yukioka","year":"1996","journal-title":"Nippon Geka Gakkai Zasshi"},{"key":"2024093006211341200_bib4","first-page":"131","article-title":"Serum lipoperoxide levels in surgical stress of abdominal hysterectomy","volume":"35","author":"Sane","year":"1993","journal-title":"Panminerva Med"},{"key":"2024093006211341200_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-2999(89)90324-5","article-title":"The vasodilator role of endogenous nitric oxide in the rat gastric microcirculation","volume":"174","author":"Pique","year":"1989","journal-title":"Eur J Pharmacol"},{"key":"2024093006211341200_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"707","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1996.81.2.707","article-title":"Effects of S-isopropyl isothiourea, a potent inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase, in severe hemorrhagic shock","volume":"81","author":"Vromen","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol"},{"key":"2024093006211341200_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1016\/S0925-4439(99)00107-6","article-title":"Attenuation of intestinal ischemia\/reperfusion injury with sodium nitroprusside: studies on mitochondrial function and lipid changes","volume":"1500","author":"Madesh","year":"2000","journal-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta"},{"key":"2024093006211341200_bib8","first-page":"394","article-title":"l-Arginine restores the depressed cardiac output and regional perfusion after trauma-hemorrhage","volume":"124","author":"Angele","year":"1998","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"key":"2024093006211341200_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"689","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.96.2.689","article-title":"Prolonged administration of l-arginine ameliorates chronic pulmonary hypertension and pulmonary vascular remodeling in rats","volume":"96","author":"Mitani","year":"1997","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"2024093006211341200_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1042\/bj2180441","article-title":"Preparation of rat enterocyte mitochondria","volume":"218","author":"Masola","year":"1984","journal-title":"Biochem J"},{"key":"2024093006211341200_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1094","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2168.2000.01469.x","article-title":"The role of xanthine oxidase in small bowel mucosal dysfunction after surgical stress","volume":"87","author":"Anup","year":"2000","journal-title":"Br J Surgery"},{"key":"2024093006211341200_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1016\/0076-6879(79)56030-3","article-title":"Measurement of cation transport with metallochromic indicators","volume":"56","author":"Scarpa","year":"1979","journal-title":"Methods Enzymol"},{"key":"2024093006211341200_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"322","DOI":"10.1016\/0076-6879(67)10061-X","article-title":"Preparation of succinate dehydrogenase and reconstitution of succinate oxidase","volume":"10","author":"King","year":"1967","journal-title":"Methods Enzymol"},{"key":"2024093006211341200_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1016\/0076-6879(69)13012-8","article-title":"Isocitrate dehydrogenase (DPN-specific) from bovine heart","volume":"13","author":"Plant","year":"1969","journal-title":"Methods Enzymol"},{"key":"2024093006211341200_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1016\/0076-6879(69)13011-6","article-title":"Isocitrate dehydrogenase (TPN specific) from pig heart","volume":"13","author":"Cleland","year":"1969","journal-title":"Methods Enzymol"},{"key":"2024093006211341200_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"649","DOI":"10.1042\/bj0800649","article-title":"Biochemistry of dystrophic muscle. Mitochondrial succinate-tetrazolium reductase and adenosine triphosphate","volume":"80","author":"Pennington","year":"1961","journal-title":"Biochem J"},{"key":"2024093006211341200_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"979","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-291X(86)80140-1","article-title":"Intestinal basolateral membrane Ca-ATPase activity with properties distinct from those of the Ca-pump","volume":"141","author":"Moy","year":"1986","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"key":"2024093006211341200_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"719","DOI":"10.1042\/bj2940719","article-title":"Oxidative damage to mitochondria is mediated by the Ca2+-dependent inner-membrane permeability transition","volume":"294","author":"Takeyama","year":"1993","journal-title":"Biochem J"},{"key":"2024093006211341200_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"911","DOI":"10.1139\/y59-099","article-title":"A rapid method of total lipid extraction and purification","volume":"37","author":"Bligh","year":"1959","journal-title":"Can J Biochem Physiol"},{"key":"2024093006211341200_bib20","first-page":"486","article-title":"A new method for the direct determination of serum cholesterol","volume":"41","author":"Zlatkis","year":"1953","journal-title":"J Lab Clin Med"},{"key":"2024093006211341200_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"244","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-3002(59)90255-0","article-title":"A simplified spectrophotometric determination of ester groups in lipids","volume":"34","author":"Synder","year":"1959","journal-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta"},{"key":"2024093006211341200_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"374","DOI":"10.1042\/bj0900374","article-title":"Quantitative analysis of phospholipids by thin-layer chromatography","volume":"90","author":"Skipski","year":"1964","journal-title":"Biochem J"},{"key":"2024093006211341200_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2141.1969.tb01382.x","article-title":"Comparison of phospholipid and fatty acid composition of human erythrocytes and platelets","volume":"17","author":"Cohen","year":"1969","journal-title":"Br J Haematol"},{"key":"2024093006211341200_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"466","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)70226-3","article-title":"Phosphorous assay in column chromatography","volume":"234","author":"Bartlett","year":"1959","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"2024093006211341200_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.1006\/abbi.1997.0264","article-title":"Oxidative metabolism in rat hepatocytes and mitochondria during sepsis","volume":"345","author":"Kantrow","year":"1997","journal-title":"Arch Biochem Biophys"},{"key":"2024093006211341200_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2002","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199312303292706","article-title":"The l-arginine\u2013nitric oxide pathway","volume":"329","author":"Moncada","year":"1993","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2024093006211341200_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1097\/00024382-199407000-00009","article-title":"Role of nitric oxide in the small intestinal microcirculation during bacteremia","volume":"2","author":"Spain","year":"1994","journal-title":"Shock"},{"key":"2024093006211341200_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S81","DOI":"10.33588\/rn.26S1.98040","article-title":"Secondary mitochondrial diseases","volume":"26","author":"Cardellach","year":"1998","journal-title":"Rev Neurol"},{"key":"2024093006211341200_bib29","first-page":"L139","article-title":"Mitochondrial respiration after sepsis and prolonged hypoxia","volume":"275","author":"Taylor","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"2024093006211341200_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.1006\/abbi.1999.1185","article-title":"Nitric oxide prevents anoxia-induced apoptosis in colonic HT29 cells","volume":"366","author":"Madesh","year":"1999","journal-title":"Arch Biochem Biophys"},{"key":"2024093006211341200_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1183","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.126.5.1183","article-title":"Mitochondrial Ca2+ homeostasis in intact cells","volume":"126","author":"Rizzuto","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Cell Biol"},{"key":"2024093006211341200_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-4800(72)90017-2","article-title":"Effect of lipid hydrolysis and phosphate swelling on the structural and functional integrity of mitochondria","volume":"16","author":"French","year":"1972","journal-title":"Exp Mol Pathol"},{"key":"2024093006211341200_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1016\/S0891-5849(97)00093-2","article-title":"Phospholipase D activity in the intestinal mitochondria: activation by oxygen free radicals","volume":"23","author":"Madesh","year":"1997","journal-title":"Free Radic Biol Med"},{"key":"2024093006211341200_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5409","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)39374-3","article-title":"A calcium-dependent mechanism for associating a soluble arachidonoyl-hydrolyzing phospholipase A2 with membrane in the macrophage cell line RAW 264.7","volume":"265","author":"Channon","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"2024093006211341200_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-5793(95)00786-9","article-title":"Action of nitric oxide as an antioxidant against oxidation of soybean phosphatidylcholine liposomal membranes","volume":"370","author":"Hayashi","year":"1995","journal-title":"FEBS Lett"},{"key":"2024093006211341200_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1392","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-291X(91)92093-Y","article-title":"Cytoprotective function of nitric oxide: inactivation of superoxide radicals produced by human leukocytes","volume":"181","author":"Rubanyi","year":"1991","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"key":"2024093006211341200_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.3109\/10715769409056572","article-title":"Nitric oxide reversibly suppresses xanthine oxidase activity","volume":"21","author":"Fukahori","year":"1994","journal-title":"Free Radic Res"}],"container-title":["Journal of British Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1046%2Fj.1365-2168.2001.01683.x","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1046%2Fj.1365-2168.2001.01683.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/bjs\/article-pdf\/88\/3\/393\/59441346\/bjs351.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/bjs\/article-pdf\/88\/3\/393\/59441346\/bjs351.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,7]],"date-time":"2024-12-07T15:08:06Z","timestamp":1733584086000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/bjs\/article\/88\/3\/393\/6267965"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2001,3,1]]},"references-count":37,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2001,3,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,3,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1046\/j.1365-2168.2001.01683.x","relation":{},"ISSN":["0007-1323","1365-2168"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0007-1323","type":"print"},{"value":"1365-2168","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2001,3]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2001,3,1]]}}}