{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T14:55:02Z","timestamp":1787237702044,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2001,12,24]],"date-time":"2001-12-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1009152000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":541,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clin Experimental Allergy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The combination of genetic susceptibility and environmental factors induce allergic sensitization and subsequently local inflammation, resulting in atopic manifestations.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To examine whether immunological features reflecting sensitization (total and specific IgE levels, allergen\u2010induced proliferative responses and skin tests) and markers of inflammation (plasma sE\u2010selectin and blood eosinophils) are related to the clinical expression of atopy and whether they precede atopic disease in children up to 2\u2003years of age.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The development of these markers during the first 2\u2003years of life was studied prospectively in 133 newborns at high risk to develop atopic disease.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The prevalence of atopic disease increased from 25% at 12\u2003months to 32% at 24\u2003months of age. The children with food allergy at 12\u2003months, who all had atopic dermatitis (AD), turned out to have asthma\u2010like disease in 40% and AD in 100% at the age of 24\u2003months. Total IgE levels increased with time and from 12\u2003months onward levels started to differ markedly between atopics and nonatopics. Food\u2010specific IgE antibodies were significantly associated with AD (relative risk [RR]\u2003=\u20032.39), food (RR\u2003=\u20031.32) and upper\u2010airway allergy (RR\u2003=\u20031.20), and house dust mite\u2010specific IgE antibodies with upper\u2010airway allergy (RR\u2003=\u20035.00). A positive skin test was significantly associated with AD (RR\u2003=\u20032.90) and food allergy (RR\u2003=\u20031.36). The inflammation markers investigated, were not related to the clinical expression or preceded atopic disease at 2\u2003years of age in high\u2010risk children.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Positive skin tests and specific IgE to food or inhalant allergens were related to the clinical expression of different atopic diseases. The combination of AD and food allergy at 12\u2003months reflected the strongest risk factor in this high risk cohort for the development of asthma\u2010like disease at 24\u2003months of age.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2222.2000.00856.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,3,11]],"date-time":"2003-03-11T04:43:51Z","timestamp":1047357831000},"page":"944-953","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":47,"title":["Markers for early sensitization and inflammation in relation to clinical manifestations of atopic disease up to 2\u2003years of age in 133 high\u2010risk 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