{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T08:51:13Z","timestamp":1780476673296,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2000,3,1]],"date-time":"2000-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":951868800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,12,24]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>SUMMARY<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Previous studies have shown a slow recovery of naive CD4+ T cell counts after anti-retroviral therapy in HIV-1-infected adults, which is in accordance with thymus atrophy after puberty. Here we investigate whether or not different patterns of naive CD4+ and CD8+ T cell repopulation are present in adult and child patients undergoing anti-retroviral treatment. Thus, 25 adults under highly active anti-retroviral therapy and 10 children under combined anti-retroviral therapy were retrospectively analysed for T cell subpopulations at baseline (T0) and around week 12 (T1) and week 24 (T2) of anti-retroviral treatment. Mean serum HIV-1 RNA levels dropped in both groups. Recovery of T cells in adults was characterized by a heterogeneous response between patients, with only 44% of them increasing their naive CD4+ and CD8+ T cell counts at T1, and changes in mean total CD4+ T cells were mainly shaped by memory cells. Otherwise, children were characterized by an early increase in naive T cells. Thus, at T1, all children analysed had a strong rise in CD4+ (from 389 \u00b1 116 to 569 \u00b1 121\u2003cells\/\u03bcl; P &amp;lt;\u200a0\u00b701), and nine out of 10 also in naive CD8+ T cells (from 244 \u00b1 58 to 473 \u00b1 85\u2003cells\/\u03bcl; P &amp;lt;\u200a0\u00b705). However, no significant correlation between age and naive repopulation was observed (P=\u200a0\u00b722) in children. Thus, children had the earlier and greater increases in naive T cell subsets than adults, probably due to a more active thymus, with the potential for immune reconstitution when HIV-1 replication is controlled.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2249.2000.01152.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,3,11]],"date-time":"2003-03-11T10:19:47Z","timestamp":1047377987000},"page":"493-498","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":46,"title":["CD4+ and CD8+ T\u2002lymphocyte regeneration after anti-retroviral therapy in HIV-1-infected children and adult patients"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"119","author":[{"given":"J M","family":"Franco","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Viral Hepatitis and AIDS Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J A","family":"Le\u00f3n-Leal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Paediatrics"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M","family":"Leal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Viral Hepatitis and AIDS Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A","family":"Cano-Rodriguez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Radiology"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J A","family":"Pineda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Viral Hepatitis and AIDS Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J","family":"Mac\u00edas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Viral Hepatitis and AIDS Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A","family":"Rubio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Viral Hepatitis and AIDS Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C","family":"Rey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biochemistry and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B","family":"Sanchez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Immunology, Virgen del Roc\u00edo University Hospital, Seville, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E","family":"Lissen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Viral Hepatitis and AIDS Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2001,12,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"2022011221072420100_b1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1038\/373123a0","article-title":"Rapid turnover of plasma virions and CD4 lymphocytes in HIV-1 infection","volume":"373","author":"Ho","year":"1995","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2022011221072420100_b2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1038\/373117a0","article-title":"Viral dynamics in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 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