{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T18:48:38Z","timestamp":1790707718914,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2000,7,1]],"date-time":"2000-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":962409600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,12,24]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>SUMMARY<\/jats:title><jats:p>Thymoma is known to contain CD4+CD8+ T cells, indicating that neoplastic epithelial cells of thymoma have a function as thymic cortical epithelium. However, it has been shown that there is an impairment of CD4+ T cell development in thymoma and that IFN-\u03b3-induced HLA-DR expression on cultured thymic epithelial cells (TEC) derived from thymoma is decreased when compared with the normal thymus. MHC class II transactivator (CIITA) is known to play a critical role in IFN-\u03b3-induced MHC II expression. In this study, we attempted to elucidate whether CIITA is responsible for the impaired up-regulation of MHC II molecules in response to IFN-\u03b3 in thymoma TEC. A quantitative reverse transriptase-polymerase chain reaction examination revealed that the induced level of CIITA was significantly lower in thymoma TEC than in normal TEC. The induced levels of invariant chain (Ii) and HLA-DR in thymoma TEC were correlated with CIITA expression. The proportion of CD3+ cells in the CD4+CD8\u2212 subset in thymoma was also correlated with CIITA expression. A gel mobility shift assay however, revealed translocation of STAT1 to the nucleus in thymoma as well as normal TEC. Intercellular adhesion molecule-1 was up-regulated in the thymoma TEC to a level similar to normal TEC in response to IFN-\u03b3. These results indicate that impaired up-regulation of HLA-DR in response to IFN-\u03b3 results from insufficient induction of CIITA, but not from the signal from IFN-\u03b3 receptor to the nucleus. The abnormal regulation of HLA-DR expression caused by impaired induction of CIITA may affect CD4+ T cell development in thymoma.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2249.2000.01256.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,3,11]],"date-time":"2003-03-11T10:22:25Z","timestamp":1047378145000},"page":"59-68","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":39,"title":["Altered T cell development in human thymoma is related to impairment of MHC class II transactivator expression induced by interferon-gamma (IFN-<i>\u03b3<\/i>)"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"121","author":[{"given":"Y","family":"Kadota","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Organ Transplantation, Biomedical Research Center, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M","family":"Okumura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Organ Transplantation, Biomedical Research Center, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S","family":"Miyoshi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Organ Transplantation, Biomedical Research Center, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S","family":"Kitagawa-Sakakida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Organ Transplantation, Biomedical Research Center, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M","family":"Inoue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Organ Transplantation, Biomedical Research Center, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H","family":"Shiono","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Organ Transplantation, Biomedical Research Center, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Y","family":"Maeda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunoregulation, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T","family":"Kinoshita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunoregulation, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R","family":"Shirakura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Organ Transplantation, Biomedical Research Center, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H","family":"Matsuda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Organ Transplantation, Biomedical Research Center, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2001,12,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"2022011221081392300_b1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1016\/S0046-8177(78)80131-2","article-title":"Thymic hyperplasia and neoplasia: a review of current concepts","volume":"9","author":"Levine","year":"1978","journal-title":"Hum Pathol"},{"key":"2022011221081392300_b2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"910","DOI":"10.1016\/0952-7915(93)90105-2","article-title":"Myasthenia gravis","volume":"5","author":"Willcox","year":"1993","journal-title":"Curr Opin Immunol"},{"key":"2022011221081392300_b3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1006\/clin.1996.0001","article-title":"The thymus and the pathogenesis of myasthenia gravis","volume":"78","author":"Levinson","year":"1996","journal-title":"Clin Immunol Immunopathol"},{"key":"2022011221081392300_b4","article-title":"Atlas of tumor pathology","volume-title":"Tumors of the thymus","author":"Rosai","year":"1976"},{"key":"2022011221081392300_b5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1455","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(197704)39:4<1455::AID-CNCR2820390417>3.0.CO;2-#","article-title":"Thymoma immunological and ultrastructural characterization","volume":"39","author":"Pedraza","year":"1977","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"2022011221081392300_b6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1992","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(19811101)48:9<1992::AID-CNCR2820480914>3.0.CO;2-0","article-title":"Human thymoma: immunologic characteristics of the lymphocytic component","volume":"48","author":"Lauriola","year":"1981","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"2022011221081392300_b7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02899417","article-title":"Immunophenotype of thymoma-associated lymphoid cell component of T-cell type. 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