{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,27]],"date-time":"2026-02-27T14:29:15Z","timestamp":1772202555536,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2000,9,1]],"date-time":"2000-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":967766400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,12,24]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>SUMMARY<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Kawasaki disease (KD) is an acute febrile illness caused by vasculitis, occurring in early childhood. We have demonstrated that the activation of monocytes\/macrophages plays a central role during acute KD. Recently, it has been reported that the CD14+CD16+ monocyte subpopulation plays a more important role in inflammation. In this study, we investigated the peripheral blood CD14+CD16+ monocyte subpopulation by flow cytometry, and serum levels of IL-10 and IL-12 using a sandwich ELISA in 28 KD patients. We also investigated this subpopulation in patients with bacterial infections, mononucleosis and anaphylactoid purpura, since the cause of KD remains unknown. We observed an increase in the number of CD14+CD16+ monocytes with acute KD, which was a positive correlation with C-reactive protein levels, and we observed only the patients with severe bacterial infections had increased this subpopulation during the acute stage among control diseases. In addition, we found that the serum levels of IL-10, but not IL-12, were higher during acute KD. These data suggest that increased peripheral blood CD14+CD16+ monocytes are part of the regulatory system of monocyte function during acute KD.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2249.2000.01321.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,3,11]],"date-time":"2003-03-11T10:23:20Z","timestamp":1047378200000},"page":"566-570","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":90,"title":["CD14+CD16+ monocyte subpopulation in Kawasaki disease"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"121","author":[{"given":"K","family":"Katayama","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics, Yamaguchi University School of Medicine, Yamaguchi, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"T","family":"Matsubara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics, Yamaguchi University School of Medicine, Yamaguchi, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M","family":"Fujiwara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics, Yamaguchi University School of Medicine, Yamaguchi, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M","family":"Koga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics, Yamaguchi University School of Medicine, Yamaguchi, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S","family":"Furukawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics, Yamaguchi University School of Medicine, Yamaguchi, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2001,12,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"2022011221080516800_b1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.54.3.271","article-title":"A new infantile acute febrile mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome (MLNS) prevailing in Japan","volume":"54","author":"Kawasaki","year":"1974","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"2022011221080516800_b2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.61.1.100","article-title":"Pathology of the heart in Kawasaki disease","volume":"61","author":"Fujiwara","year":"1978","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"2022011221080516800_b3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1016\/0090-1229(88)90088-8","article-title":"Peripheral blood monocyte\/macrophages and serum tumor necrosis factor in Kawasaki disease","volume":"48","author":"Furukawa","year":"1988","journal-title":"Clin Immunol Immunopathol"},{"key":"2022011221080516800_b4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"706","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.67.6.706","article-title":"Mononuclear cell subsets and coronary artery lesion in Kawasaki disease","volume":"67","author":"Furukawa","year":"1992","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child"},{"key":"2022011221080516800_b5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1016\/0046-8177(90)90135-R","article-title":"Class II major histocompatibility antigen expression on coronary arterial endothelium in a patient with Kawasaki disease","volume":"21","author":"Terai","year":"1990","journal-title":"Hum Pathol"},{"key":"2022011221080516800_b6","first-page":"185","article-title":"Immunopathology of the skin lesions of Kawasaki disease","volume-title":"Kawasaki disease","author":"Sugawara","year":"1987:"},{"key":"2022011221080516800_b7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"512","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1827.1998.tb03942.x","article-title":"Activation of peripheral blood monocytes and macrophages in Kawasaki disease: ultrastructural and immunohistochemical investigation","volume":"48","author":"Koga","year":"1998","journal-title":"Pathol Int"},{"key":"2022011221080516800_b8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1089\/hyb.1988.7.521","article-title":"The monoclonal antimonocyte antibody My4 stains B lymphocytes and two distinct monocyte subsets in human peripheral blood","volume":"7","author":"Ziegler-Heitbrock","year":"1988","journal-title":"Hybridoma"},{"key":"2022011221080516800_b9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"424","DOI":"10.1016\/0167-5699(96)10029-3","article-title":"Heterogeneity of human blood monocytes: the CD14+CD16+ subpopulation","volume":"17","author":"Ziegler-Heitbrock","year":"1996","journal-title":"Immunol Today"},{"key":"2022011221080516800_b10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-5699(98)01263-8","article-title":"Pediatric rheumatology: autoimmune mechanisms and therapeutic strategies","volume":"19","author":"Kuemmerle-Deschner","year":"1998","journal-title":"Immunol Today"},{"key":"2022011221080516800_b11","first-page":"78","article-title":"Interleukin-10 drives human monocytes to CD16 positive macrophages","volume":"46","author":"Calzada-Wack","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Inflamm"},{"key":"2022011221080516800_b12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2567.1997.00204.x","article-title":"Two distinct pathways of human macrophage differentiation are mediated by interferon-gamma and interleukin-10","volume":"91","author":"Olikowsky","year":"1997","journal-title":"Immunology"},{"key":"2022011221080516800_b13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"280","DOI":"10.1016\/0090-1229(90)90149-K","article-title":"Expression of Fc\u03b5R2\/CD23 on peripheral blood macrophages\/ monocytes in Kawasaki disease","volume":"56","author":"Furukawa","year":"1990","journal-title":"Clin Immunol Immunopathol"},{"key":"2022011221080516800_b14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1016\/0090-1229(90)90166-N","article-title":"Serum levels of tumor necrosis factor, interleukin 2 receptor, and interferon-\u03b3 in Kawasaki disease involved coronary artery lesions","volume":"56","author":"Matsubara","year":"1990","journal-title":"Clin Immunol Immunopathol"},{"key":"2022011221080516800_b15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"721","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(05)81361-7","article-title":"Serum levels of p60 soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor during acute Kawasaki disease","volume":"124","author":"Furukawa","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"2022011221080516800_b16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"672","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780350611","article-title":"Increased levels of circulating intercellular adhesion molecule-1 in Kawasaki disease","volume":"35","author":"Furukawa","year":"1992","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"2022011221080516800_b17","first-page":"298","article-title":"Heterogeneity of human blood monocyte: two subpopulations with different sizes, phenotypes and functions","volume":"77","author":"Wang","year":"1992","journal-title":"Immunology"},{"key":"2022011221080516800_b18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2053","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.1830230902","article-title":"The novel subset of CD14+\/CD16+ blood monocytes exhibits features of tissue macrophages","volume":"23","author":"Ziegler-Heitbrock","year":"1993","journal-title":"Eur J Immunol"},{"key":"2022011221080516800_b19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1002\/jlb.55.1.73","article-title":"Distinct patterns of differentiation induced in the monocytic cell line Mono Mac 6","volume":"55","author":"Ziegler-Heitbrock","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Leukocyte Biol"},{"key":"2022011221080516800_b20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1159\/000237447","article-title":"High levels of circulating interleukin-4 and interleukin-10 in Kawasaki disease","volume":"112","author":"Hirao","year":"1997","journal-title":"Int Arch Allergy Immunol"},{"key":"2022011221080516800_b21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-2478(98)00016-9","article-title":"Effects of intravenous immunoglobulin on plasma interleukin-10 levels in Kawasaki disease","volume":"62","author":"Noh","year":"1998","journal-title":"Immunol Letters"},{"key":"2022011221080516800_b22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"663","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02190688","article-title":"Pentoxifylline and intravenous gamma globulin combination therapy for acute Kawasaki disease","volume":"153","author":"Furukawa","year":"1994","journal-title":"Eur J Pediatr"},{"key":"2022011221080516800_b23","first-page":"595","article-title":"Phosphodiesterase inhibitor pentoxifylline: an antiinflammatory\/immunomodulatory drug potentially useful in some rheumatic diseases","volume":"22","author":"Anaya","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Rheum"},{"key":"2022011221080516800_b24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1097\/00003246-199602000-00005","article-title":"Effects of pentoxifylline on circulating cytokine concentrations and hemodynamics in patients with septic shock: results from a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study","volume":"24","author":"Zeni","year":"1996","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"2022011221080516800_b25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"691","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/166.3.691","article-title":"Increased expression of CD23 on peripheral blood B cells and macrophages\/monocytes during acute infectious mononucleosis","volume":"166","author":"Furukawa","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"}],"container-title":["Clinical and Experimental Immunology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1046%2Fj.1365-2249.2000.01321.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1046%2Fj.1365-2249.2000.01321.x","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/cei\/article-pdf\/121\/3\/566\/42130395\/j.1365-2249.2000.01321.x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/cei\/article-pdf\/121\/3\/566\/42130395\/j.1365-2249.2000.01321.x.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,14]],"date-time":"2023-02-14T11:48:14Z","timestamp":1676375294000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/cei\/article\/121\/3\/566\/6461516"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2000,9]]},"references-count":25,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2001,12,24]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,12,24]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1046\/j.1365-2249.2000.01321.x","relation":{},"ISSN":["1365-2249","0009-9104"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1365-2249","type":"electronic"},{"value":"0009-9104","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2000,9]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2000,9]]}}}