{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T17:25:38Z","timestamp":1791221138464,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2000,12,1]],"date-time":"2000-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":975628800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,12,24]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>SUMMARY<\/jats:title><jats:p>Since proteinase 3 (PR3)-ANCA interact with PR3 on the surface of apoptotic polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) and ingestion of apoptotic PMN is known to modulate macrophage inflammatory reactions, we raised the question whether PR3-ANCA-opsonized apoptotic PMN influence the uptake by macrophages and their state of activation. We therefor analysed the effects of PR3-ANCA-opsonized apoptotic PMN on the uptake process by enzymatic assay. We further investigated the production of TNF-\u03b1, IL-10, IL-12 and the secretion of lipid inflammatory mediators (TxB2, leukotriene B4 (LTB4) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2)) by human monocyte-derived macrophages using FACS and ELISA methods. We show that PMN-opsonization by PR3-ANCA substantially enhances phagocytosis by macrophages and thereby triggers the production of TNF-\u03b1 and TxB2. These in vitro findings indicate that PR3-ANCA opsonization of apoptotic PMN might be an important mechanism in the pathogenesis of Wegener's granulomatosis (WG), prompting macrophages to produce proinflammatory mediators. These mediators, mainly TNF-\u03b1, might prime further PMN leading to perpetuation of the known priming-dependent mechanisms of ANCA action.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2249.2000.01410.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,3,11]],"date-time":"2003-03-11T10:24:10Z","timestamp":1047378250000},"page":"499-503","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":55,"title":["Opsonization of apoptotic neutrophils by anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA) leads to enhanced uptake by macrophages and increased release of tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-<i>\u03b1<\/i>)"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"122","author":[{"given":"F","family":"Moosig","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology, University of L\u00fcbeck, L\u00fcbeck and Rheumaklinik Bad Bramstedt, Bad Bramstedt, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E","family":"Csernok","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of 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