{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,28]],"date-time":"2026-02-28T20:46:18Z","timestamp":1772311578868,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2001,4,1]],"date-time":"2001-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":986083200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,1,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>SUMMARY<\/jats:title><jats:p>The cellular and humoral acquired immune responses to Schistosoma haematobium 28\u2003kD gluthathione S-Transferase (Sh28GST) antigen were evaluated in a Senegalese population chronically infected with S. haematobium parasite. We show a gender-dependent immune response in adult individuals presenting similar intensities of infection. Indeed, the specific IgA response and production of TGF-\u03b2 and IL-10 were found significantly higher in females compared to males. In addition, we showed that this profile was combined with a weak production of Th1-related cytokines (TNF\u03b1 and IFN\u03b3) and was associated with an absence of proliferation to the antigen. A significantly higher Nuclear Matrix Protein 41\/7 secretion, an apoptosis marker, was specifically observed in mononuclear blood cell cultures of females suggesting that a specific cell death process was engaged in a gender-dependent manner. This specific profile could be associated with the so-called T helper type-3 (Th3) immune response specifically promoting the production of IgA and would be developed upon the down-regulation of the specific Type-1 response by a probable cell death mechanism. This gender-dependent immune regulation, which may be under the influence of nonimmunological factors like sexual hormones, may be related to the chronicity of the infection.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2249.2001.01495.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,3,11]],"date-time":"2003-03-11T10:26:14Z","timestamp":1047378374000},"page":"62-68","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":49,"title":["Gender-dependent specific immune response during chronic human<i>Schistosomiasis haematobia<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"124","author":[{"given":"F","family":"Remou\u00e9","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"INSERM Unit\u00e9 167, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"D","family":"To Van","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Programme ESPOIR, &#x2028;R\u00e9gion M\u00e9dicale de St-Louis, Saint-Louis, S\u00e9n\u00e9gal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A-M","family":"Schacht","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"INSERM Unit\u00e9 167, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M","family":"Picquet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Parasitology, University of Gent, Merelbeke, Belgium and"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"O","family":"Garraud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit\u00e9 d\u2019Immunologie, Institut Pasteur de Dakar, Dakar, S\u00e9n\u00e9gal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J","family":"Vercruysse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Parasitology, University of Gent, Merelbeke, Belgium and"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A","family":"Ly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Programme ESPOIR, 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