{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T22:08:45Z","timestamp":1787004525018,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2002,4,1]],"date-time":"2002-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1017619200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,4,28]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>SUMMARY<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Wegener's granulomatosis (WG) is characterized by a predominance of the type 1 T-helper cell (Th1) response. We have studied monocytic cytokine expression in untreated patients and in patients who did not respond to prior methotrexate or trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole therapy, i.e. patients with active disease. Intracytoplasmic IL-12 and TNF-\u03b1 expression was significantly increased in WG compared with healthy controls. IL-8 expression was not increased. Two and 12 weeks of daily standard oral cyclophosphamide and corticosteroid (CYC + GC) treatment induced a stable remission of the disease. Elevated IL-12 and TNF-\u03b1 expression of monocytes was normalized. The active metabolite of CYC was shown to down-regulate IL-12 mRNA in vitro. Monocytic cytokines, especially IL-12, may have a role in the early determination and skewing of the immunoregulatory response towards a Th1 profile. It appears that CYC + GC exerts its effect by normalizing the Th1-driving cytokine pattern, and CYC may maintain this mode of action. Normalization of the skewed cytokine pattern may be a prerequisite and an indicator of inducing a remission in WG.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2249.2002.01801.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,3,11]],"date-time":"2003-03-11T05:31:44Z","timestamp":1047360704000},"page":"181-186","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Elevated monocytic IL-12 and TNF-\n                    <b>\u03b1<\/b>\n                    production in Wegener's granulomatosis is normalized by cyclophosphamide and corticosteroid therapy"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"128","author":[{"given":"P","family":"LAMPRECHT","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G","family":"KUMANOVICS","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A","family":"MUELLER","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology, University of Luebeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538 Luebeck, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E","family":"CSERNOK","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology, University of Luebeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538 Luebeck, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A","family":"KOMOCSI","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology, University of Luebeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538 Luebeck, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A","family":"TRABANDT","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology, University of Luebeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538 Luebeck, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"W L","family":"GROSS","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology, University of Luebeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538 Luebeck, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A","family":"SCHNABEL","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology, University of Luebeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538 Luebeck, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2002,4,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"2022011221425227000_b1","first-page":"S375","article-title":"T-cell cytokine profiles in patients with Wegener's granulomatosis. 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