{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,26]],"date-time":"2025-10-26T22:44:35Z","timestamp":1761518675546},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2002,1,4]],"date-time":"2002-01-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1010102400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1252,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clinical Endocrinology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1998,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>OBJECTIVE<\/jats:title><jats:p>Postpartum thyroiditis (PPT) is an autoimmune thyroid disease which shares immunological and clinical features with autoimmune hypothyroidism and Graves' disease, and is believed to be caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Recently, an association has been described between Graves' disease or autoimmune hypothyroidism and a polymorphism in the CTLA\u20104 gene, which encodes a T cell receptor for the B7 family of ligands, and we wished to test whether a similar association exists with PPT.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>DESIGN<\/jats:title><jats:p>A population\u2010based case\u2010control study of a CTLA\u20104 gene microsatellite polymorphism was performed, to look for an association with PPT.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>PATIENTS<\/jats:title><jats:p>Caucasoid women (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2003=\u2003122) were studied; 58 had thyroid antibodies (against thyroglobulin or thyroid peroxidase) alone during the postpartum period (PPT<jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup>) and 64 had thyroid antibodies and some form of postpartum thyroid dysfunction (PPT<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title><jats:p>There was no significant difference between this whole group of women and 161 local Caucasoid thyroid antibody\u2010negative women for the CTLA\u20104106 base pair (AT)<jats:italic><jats:sub>n<\/jats:sub><\/jats:italic> microsatellite polymorphism (relative risk =\u20031.3; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2003=\u20030.3), nor did the PPT<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> group differ from controls when analysed separately (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2003=\u20030.2). When the postpartum women were subdivided in groups according to clinical pattern of PPT and the type of thyroid antibodies, there were no associations within the subgroups.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title><jats:p>No significant association exists between postpartum thyroiditis and a polymorphism in the CTLA\u20104 gene. Furthermore, a natural variation in the prevalence of the polymorphism in healthy UK populations underscores the need to select appropriately matched normal subjects in future case\u2010control studies.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2265.1998.00537.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,3,11]],"date-time":"2003-03-11T10:37:36Z","timestamp":1047379056000},"page":"251-255","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["A study of the association between a polymorphism in the CTLA\u20104 gene and postpartum thyroiditis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"49","author":[{"given":"E. 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