{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,28]],"date-time":"2023-10-28T04:17:32Z","timestamp":1698466652371},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2002,1,4]],"date-time":"2002-01-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1010102400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1191,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clinical Endocrinology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1998,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>OBJECTIVES<\/jats:title><jats:p>In women, the gonadotrophin response to gonadotrophin\u2010releasing hormone (GnRH) displays a circadian rhythm during the early follicular phase (EFP), with GnRH\u2010stimulated luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle\u2010stimulating hormone (FSH) release found to be markedly decreased at night. Since the opioidergic inhibition of gonadotrophin secretion is selectively enhanced at night, we reasoned that the circadian changes in the gonadotrophin responsiveness to GnRH might be related to a nocturnal increase of opioidergic activity.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>STUDY DESIGN<\/jats:title><jats:p>Eleven women with normal menstrual cycles were studied in the EFP on four different occasions in random order. Studies were conducted either during the day (0900\u20131300\u2003h) or at night (2100\u20130100\u2003h). During these times, GnRH (25\u2003\u03bcg i.v.) was administered in conjunction with either saline (as control) or naloxone (4\u2003mg i.v.).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>MEASUREMENTS<\/jats:title><jats:p>Frequent blood samples were obtained before and after GnRH stimulation for determination of basal sex steroid and gonadotrophin concentrations by immunoradiometric assays.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title><jats:p>While oestradiol levels were comparable (<jats:italic>P\u2003\u2003<\/jats:italic>&gt;\u20030.3) at all times, progesterone concentrations were significantly (<jats:italic>P\u2003<\/jats:italic>&lt;\u20030.01) higher during day than during night hours, with no difference between control and naloxone conditions. Gonadotropin responses to GnRH stimulation were not significantly different between day and night times, nor did they vary between control and naloxone conditions.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title><jats:p>Opioidergic blockade imposed by naloxone did not noticeably change GnRH\u2010stimulated gonadotrophin release at any of the study times. We therefore infer that mechanisms other than a nocturnal increase of opioidergic inhibition may account for eventual circadian changes in the gonadotrophin responsiveness of early follicular phase women.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2265.1998.00565.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,3,11]],"date-time":"2003-03-11T10:38:26Z","timestamp":1047379106000},"page":"499-503","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Is opioidergic activity responsible for the circadian variation observed in the gonadotrophin responsiveness of early follicular phase women?"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"49","author":[{"given":"Winfried G.","family":"Rossmanith","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Claudia","family":"Grasshof","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2002,1,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/endo-118-5-2097"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0024-3205(86)90509-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006254-198910000-00003"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1677\/joe.0.1450263"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_2","first-page":"441","article-title":"The hypothalamic control of the menstrual cycle and the role of endogenous opioid peptides","volume":"40","author":"Ferin M.","year":"1984","journal-title":"Recent Progress in Hormone Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-42-6-1031"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-51-2-302"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/305235a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000125107"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-57-5-881"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_2","unstructured":"Rossmanith W.G.(1992) Opioid regulation of LH secretion in women. InClinical Perspectives of Opioid Peptide Production(eds M. Negri G. Lotti & A. Grossman) pp.154\u2013195. John Wiley and Sons London."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.76.2.330"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/09513598809029334"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000125074"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-65-4-715"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(77)90877-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9378(85)80162-9"}],"container-title":["Clinical Endocrinology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1046%2Fj.1365-2265.1998.00565.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1046%2Fj.1365-2265.1998.00565.x","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1046\/j.1365-2265.1998.00565.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,27]],"date-time":"2023-10-27T23:06:57Z","timestamp":1698448017000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1046\/j.1365-2265.1998.00565.x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1998,10]]},"references-count":17,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1998,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1046\/j.1365-2265.1998.00565.x"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1046\/j.1365-2265.1998.00565.x","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0300-0664","1365-2265"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0300-0664","type":"print"},{"value":"1365-2265","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1998,10]]}}}