{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T09:18:04Z","timestamp":1791191884793,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,7,7]],"date-time":"2008-07-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1215388800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":2757,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clinical Endocrinology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,12,19]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>We investigated the prospective relationship between thyroid status and the risk of dementia and Alzheimer's disease among a random sample of 1843 participants, aged 55\u2003years and over, from the population\u2010based prospective Rotterdam Study.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Thyroid status was measured at baseline (1990\u201393), through assessment of serum antibodies to thyroid peroxidase (TPO\u2010Abs, positive:\u2003&gt;10 IU\/ml), serum TSH levels, and when TSH was abnormal (&lt;0\u00b74 or\u2003&gt;4\u00b70\u2003mU\/l), serum thyroxin levels (T4). At baseline and at follow up, after on average 2 years, participants were screened for dementia. Diagnoses were based on international criteria.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Persons with reduced TSH levels at baseline had a more than threefold increased risk of dementia (RR\u2003=\u20033\u00b75, 95%CI: 1\u00b72\u201310\u00b70) and of Alzheimer's disease (RR\u2003=\u20033\u00b75, 95%CI: 1\u00b71\u201311\u00b75), after adjustment for age and sex. Among persons with reduced TSH levels, T4 levels appeared to be positively related to the risk of dementia (RR per SD increase = 2\u00b79, 95%CI: 0\u00b77\u201312\u00b72), although none of those who became demented had a T4 level above the normal range (&gt;140\u2003nmol\/l). The risk of dementia was especially increased in subjects with low TSH who were positive for TPO\u2010Abs (RR\u2003=\u200323\u00b77, 95%CI: 4\u00b70\u2013140).<\/jats:p><jats:p>This is the first prospective study to suggest that subclinical hyperthyroidism in the elderly increases the risk of dementia and Alzheimer's disease.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2265.2000.01146.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,3,11]],"date-time":"2003-03-11T10:47:17Z","timestamp":1047379637000},"page":"733-737","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":242,"title":["Subclinical hyperthyroidism and the risk of dementia. The Rotterdam study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"53","author":[{"given":"Sandra","family":"Kalmijn","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kala M.","family":"Mehta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huibert A. 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