{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,13]],"date-time":"2026-02-13T11:19:26Z","timestamp":1770981566392,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,10,9]],"date-time":"2008-10-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1223510400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":2930,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cytopathology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>The interaction of Trichomonas vaginalis with epithelial cells, polymorphonuclear leucocytes and erythrocytes on vaginal smears: light microscopic observation<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this study, vaginal smears taken from 400 patients were examined cytologically using the Papanicolaou technique. Twenty of the 400 patients were detected as harbouring <jats:italic>Trichomonas vaginalis<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:p><jats:p>The interactions of <jats:italic>T. vaginalis<\/jats:italic> with epithelial cells, polymorphonuclear leucocytes (PMNLs) and erythrocytes were determined at light microscopic level. It was observed that <jats:italic>T. vaginalis<\/jats:italic> were juxtaposed to the epithelial cells and changed shape according to the contours of the epithelial cell revealing the cytopathic effect of trichomonads on epithelial cells.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Trichomonads attached to PMNLs produced pseudopodia to phagocytose the cells. Occasionally an amoeboid shaped <jats:italic>T. vaginalis<\/jats:italic> organism was seen trailed by a row of PMNLs. This light microscopic study supports the production by trichomonads of a chemotactic factor for PMNLs.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Phagocytosed erythrocytes were also seen in the cytoplasm of <jats:italic>T. vaginalis<\/jats:italic>, suggesting the need for the patient to be tested for anaemia.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2303.2000.00237.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,3,11]],"date-time":"2003-03-11T14:00:46Z","timestamp":1047391246000},"page":"326-332","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["The interaction of <i>Trichomonas vaginalis<\/i> with epithelial cells, polymorphonuclear leucocytes and erythrocytes on vaginal smears: light microscopic observation"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"S.","family":"Demirezen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Z.","family":"Safi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Beksa\u00e7","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,10,9]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_5_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"701","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.50.3.701-708.1985","article-title":"Specific nature of Trichomonas vaginalis parasitism of host cell surfaces.","volume":"50","author":"Alderete JF","year":"1985","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.1992.tb01536.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.1993.tb01121.x"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_5_5_2","first-page":"447","article-title":"An electron microscopic investigation on the pathogenesis of human vaginal trichomoniasis.","volume":"22","author":"Garcia\u2010Tamayo J","year":"1978","journal-title":"Acta Cytologica"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0065-308X(08)60473-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_2","first-page":"357","article-title":"N: Further studies of transmission and scanning electron microscopy.","volume":"51","author":"Ovcinnikov NM","year":"1975","journal-title":"Brit J Vener Dis"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.56.1.28-33.1988","article-title":"Identification and properties of Trichomonas vaginalis proteins involved in cytoadherence.","volume":"56","author":"Alderete JF","year":"1988","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_2","first-page":"106","article-title":"Behaviour and pathogenicity of Trichomonas vaginalis in epithelial cell cultures. 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