{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,24]],"date-time":"2026-08-24T20:03:59Z","timestamp":1787601839686,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2001,12,21]],"date-time":"2001-12-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1008892800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":354,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Immunology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p>After intraperitoneal inoculation with <jats:italic>Listeria monocytogenes<\/jats:italic>, \u03b3\u03b4 T cells appear in the peritoneal cavity preceding the appearance of \u03b1\u03b2 T cells. Such \u03b3\u03b4 T cells predominantly express T\u2010cell receptor (TCR)V\u03b31\/V\u03b46, develop through an extrathymic pathway, and contribute to host defence against the bacteria. We have observed a gradual increase in \u03b3\u03b4 T cells in kidneys of mice after intrarenal inoculation with <jats:italic>L. monocytogenes<\/jats:italic>, which resulted in an unusually long\u2010lasting local infection. In this study, we examined the characteristics and the roles of the \u03b3\u03b4 T cells induced in this model. It was found that these \u03b3\u03b4 T cells predominantly expressed TCRV\u03b36\/V\u03b41 with canonical junctional sequences identical to those expressed on fetal thymocytes. Although depletion of such \u03b3\u03b4 T cells <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic> did not affect the number of bacteria, it resulted in histologically exacerbated inflammation in the kidneys. These results indicate that a persistent infection with <jats:italic>L. monocytogenes<\/jats:italic> in kidneys induces a different kind of \u03b3\u03b4 T cell from that induced after intraperitoneal infection. The former expresses invariant fetal\u2010type V\u03b36\/V\u03b41<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>TCR and plays a regulatory role in resolution of inflammation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2567.2001.01149.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,3,12]],"date-time":"2003-03-12T02:27:41Z","timestamp":1047436061000},"page":"94-102","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Persistent infection with <i>Listeria monocytogenes<\/i> in the kidney induces anti\u2010inflammatory invariant fetal\u2010type \u03b3\u03b4 T 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