{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T01:55:02Z","timestamp":1790387702892,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2001,12,24]],"date-time":"2001-12-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1009152000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":663,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int Endodontic J"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>Aim\u2003<\/jats:bold> The aim of this study was to investigate the long\u2010term seal of gutta\u2010percha (GP) without sealer.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methodology<\/jats:bold> Extracted human maxillary central incisors were prepared and obturated using heat\u2010 or chloroform\u2010softened GP only, or GP in combination with a root canal sealer. Leakage along root fillings was measured at 48\u2003h and after a period of 6\u2003months using a fluid transport model.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results\u2003<\/jats:bold> At 48\u2003h the GP\u2010filled roots without sealer leaked more than the control roots filled with GP and sealer (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt;0.0001). At 6\u2003months a significant reduction in leakage was found in the GP\u2010only groups (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>&lt; 0.05 for both heat\u2010 and chloroform\u2010softened GP). After 6\u2003months, roots filled by vertical condensation of GP\u2010only had similar leakage as vertically condensed GP with a sealer (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &gt;0.05).<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusions\u2003<\/jats:bold> The long\u2010term seal of root fillings is affected by the volume change of both GP and sealer. Leakage reduction due to expansion of GP may compensate to a certain extent for leakage that may occur from sealer dissolution.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2591.2000.00274.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,3,12]],"date-time":"2003-03-12T00:49:10Z","timestamp":1047430150000},"page":"121-125","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":73,"title":["Diminished leakage along root canals filled with gutta\u2010percha without sealer over time: a laboratory study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"M. \u2010K.","family":"Wu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B.","family":"Fan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P. 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