{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T01:38:31Z","timestamp":1790386711506,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2001,12,20]],"date-time":"2001-12-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1008806400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":227,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Advanced Nursing"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,5,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> <jats:bold>Negotiating motherhood: the struggles of teenage mothers<\/jats:bold> <\/jats:p><jats:p> <jats:bold>Aims.<\/jats:bold>\u2002This article presents the results of an ethnographic study exploring how teenagers negotiated motherhood. The main aims of the study were to explore how the young women negotiated motherhood and how they constructed their own identities and relationships through teenage parenting.<\/jats:p><jats:p> <jats:bold>Background.<\/jats:bold>\u2002Approximately 10% of all births occur to teenage mothers worldwide. This phenomenon is of concern because teenage mothers are reported to be disadvantaged financially, educationally, and cognitively in both the short and long term. Many teenage mothers find strength and fulfillment in their motherhood role but this does not come without cost to themselves or their children, as many teenagers are considered unsuitable to be parents and do not have adequate support.<\/jats:p><jats:p> <jats:bold>Design.<\/jats:bold>\u2002This interpretive study incorporated ethnographic practices and was guided by feminist principles. After ethical approval from the university, data was collected over a 12\u2010month period from five homeless Australian sole\u2010supporting teenage mothers. Methods used included observation, interviews, field notes, journalling, and discussions with key informants.<\/jats:p><jats:p> <jats:bold>Findings.<\/jats:bold>\u2002The five participants described stories of disrupted lives, unhappiness in childhood, turmoil during adolescence and a need to find love and connection in their lives. Analysis of the data revealed four major themes; transforming lives and opportunities for change, accommodating the challenges, tolerating the abandonment of supports and living publicly examined lives.<\/jats:p><jats:p> <jats:bold>Conclusions.<\/jats:bold> It was concluded that becoming a sole\u2010supporting mother during the teenage years was a difficult struggle for the young women, because of their youth, their lack of preparation for motherhood and their reliance on welfare supports. In addition, they experienced negative public attitudes directed towards them wherever they went, and this included their visits to community child health centres. Recommendations are made for nurses to take a different approach when working with teenage mothers to help ameliorate the negative impact of poor parenting.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2648.2001.01774.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,3,12]],"date-time":"2003-03-12T03:52:47Z","timestamp":1047441167000},"page":"456-464","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":104,"title":["Negotiating motherhood: the struggles of teenage mothers"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"34","author":[{"given":"Barbara","family":"Hanna","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2001,12,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_2","unstructured":"Alan Guttmacher Institute(2000) Risks and realities of early childbearing worldwide. Alan Guttmacher Institute. Available atwww.agi\u2010usa.org\/pubs\/ib10.html[Accessed 1 May 2000]."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_2","unstructured":"AnleuS.(1999)Deviance Conformity and Control. Longman Melbourne."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_2","unstructured":"AtkinsonP.&HammersleyM.(1994)Ethnography and participant observation. InHandbook of Qualitative Research(Denzin N. & Lincoln Y. eds) Sage Thousand Oaks pp. 236\u2013248."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_2","unstructured":"Australian Bureau of Statistics(1999)Australian Social Trends(Catalogue no. 4120). Australian Bureau of Statistics Canberra."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0277-9536(88)90182-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0273-2297(86)90013-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02673843.1995.9747769"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_2","unstructured":"CarterJ.(1991)Measuring Child Poverty. Brotherhood of St Laurence Melbourne."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_2","first-page":"326","article-title":"Strategy for promoting greater responsiveness in adolescent parent\/infant relationships: report of a pilot study","volume":"9","author":"Censullo M.","year":"1994","journal-title":"Journal of Pediatric Nursing"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_2","first-page":"49","article-title":"Consequences of adolescent pregnancy\/parenting: a review of the literature","volume":"27","author":"Corcoran J.","year":"1998","journal-title":"Socialwork in Health Care"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_2","unstructured":"CrookS. PakulskiJ. WaltersM.(1992)Postmodernization: Change in Advanced Society. Sage London."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-1971(91)90031-L"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005721-199805000-00008"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005721-199703000-00011"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/353034"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1741-3737.2000.00147.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_2","first-page":"34","article-title":"Sole parents pension: a bridge for solo players","volume":"28","author":"Funder K.","year":"1991","journal-title":"Family Matters"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/585470"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_2","unstructured":"FurstenbergF. Brooks\u2010GunnJ. MorganS.P.(1987)Adolescent Mothers in Later Life. Cambridge University Press Cambridge New York."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s1054-139x(99)00110-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_2","first-page":"4","article-title":"Getting on the inside: a researcher\u2019s journey into the world of teenage motherhood","volume":"7","author":"Hanna B.","year":"2000","journal-title":"Australian Journal of Holistic Nursing"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_2","unstructured":"HarlanS. TrentK. AllisonP.(1998)Understanding Young Women\u2019s Poverty: the Effects of Motherhood Living Arrangements and Race(Association Paper). Department Sociology Arizona State University."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_2","unstructured":"HenshawS.(1999)U.S. Teenage Pregnancy Statistics. Alan Guttmacher Institute. Available fromhttp:\/\/www.agi\u2010usa.org\/pubs\/teen_preg_sr_0699.html[Accessed on 20\/9\/99]."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/jado.1998.0154"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.78.4.293"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"862","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.87.6.862","article-title":"School\u2010age mothers: predictors of long\u2010term educational and economic outcomes","volume":"87","author":"Horwitz S.","year":"1991","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/353447"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_29_2","first-page":"639","article-title":"Adolescent mothers\u2019 self\u2010esteem and role identity and their relationship to parenting skills knowledge","volume":"32","author":"Hurlbut N.","year":"1997","journal-title":"Adolescence"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_30_2","first-page":"119","article-title":"Child rearing patterns of young mothers: expectations, knowledge and practice","volume":"7","author":"Jarrett G.","year":"1982","journal-title":"Maternal and Child Health"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"JohnstoneM.(1999)Reporting Child Abuse: Ethical Issues For The Nursing Procession And Nursing Regulating Authorities. Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology Bundoora.","DOI":"10.1016\/S1322-7696(08)60600-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_32_2","unstructured":"JoshiN.&BattleS.(1995)Adolescent fathers: an approach for intervention. InHealth and Social Policy(Feit M. & Battle S. eds) Harworth Press New York pp. 137\u2013155."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_33_2","unstructured":"KingA.(1997)The Changing Face of Australian Poverty: a Comparison of 1996 Estimates and the 1972\u201373 Findings from the Commission of Inquiry(Discussion Paper No. 23). National Centre for Social and Economic Modelling University of Canberra Australia."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_34_2","unstructured":"KleinR.(1983)How to do what we want to do: thoughts about feminist methodology. InTheories of Women\u2019s Studies(Bowles G. & Klein R. eds) Routledge and Kegan London pp. 88\u2013104."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1525-1446.1998.tb00358.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_36_2","unstructured":"KnollT.(1998)The Stigmatization of Unwed Motherhood: an Anomaly of Late Modernity(Association Paper). Dept Social Science Halmstad International Sociological Association."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006199-199801000-00006"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1744-6171.1991.tb00500.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_39_2","first-page":"325","article-title":"Is older better? Adolescent parenthood and maltreatment","volume":"74","author":"Massat C.","year":"1995","journal-title":"Child Welfare"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1552-6909.1980.tb01301.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_41_2","unstructured":"MiesM.(1983)Towards a methodology for feminist research. InTheories of Women\u2019s Studies(Bowles G. & Klein R. eds) Routledge and Kegan Paul London pp. 117\u2013139."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"MuisenerP.(1994)Understanding and Treating Adolescent Substance Abuse. Sage California.","DOI":"10.4135\/9781452232997"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_43_2","unstructured":"MusickJ.(1993)Young Poor and Pregnant: the Psychology of Teenage Motherhood. Yale University Press New Haven."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_44_2","unstructured":"PearceD.(1990)Welfare is not for women: why the war on poverty cannot conquer the feminization of poverty. InWomen the State and Welfare(Gordon L. ed.) University of Wisconsin press Madison pp. 265\u2013279."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_45_2","unstructured":"PhillipsS.(1991)Beyond the Myths: Mother\u2013Daughter Relationships. Hampden Press NSW Australia."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_46_2","unstructured":"PriceJ.(1988)Motherhood: What It Does to Your Mind. Pandora Press London."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_47_2","unstructured":"QSR NUD\u00b7IST(1997)Application Software Package. Qualitative Solutions and Research Bundoora."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_48_2","unstructured":"RankM.(2000)Poverty and economic hardship in families. InHandbook of Family Diversity(Demo D. Allen K. & Fine M. eds) Oxford University Press New York pp. 393\u2013315."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_49_2","unstructured":"ReinharzS.(1992)Feminist ethnography. InFeminist Methods in Social Research(Reinharz S. ed.) Oxford University Press Oxford pp. 46\u201375."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s1054-139x(98)00082-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_51_2","unstructured":"RuddickS.(1989)Maternal Thinking. Beacon Press Boston."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_52_2","first-page":"55","article-title":"Adolescent mothering: assessing their parenting capabilities and their health education needs","volume":"4","author":"Ruff C.","year":"1990","journal-title":"Journal of National Black Nurses Association"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_53_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"SmithbattleL.(1994)The role of narrative in understanding teenage mothers\u2019 transition to mothering. InInterpretive Phenomenology: Embodiment Caring and Ethics in Health and Illness(Benner P. ed.) Sage Thousand Oaks CA pp. 141\u2013166.","DOI":"10.4135\/9781452204727.n8"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_54_2","unstructured":"SpradleyJ.(1979)The Ethnographic Interview. Rinehart and Winston Fort Worth."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_55_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/1054-139x(95)00281-v"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_56_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1753-6405.1994.tb00206.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_57_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s1054-139x(99)00067-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_58_2","unstructured":"WeatherburnD.&LindB.(1998)Poverty Parenting Peers and Crime\u2010Prone Neighbourhoods(No. 85). Australian Institute of Criminology Canberra."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_59_2","unstructured":"WestheadJ.(1999)Drive to cut schoolgirl pregnancies.BBC NewsAvailable fromhttp:\/\/www.news.bbc.co.uk\/hi\/english\/health[Accessed on 29\/12\/99]."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_60_2","unstructured":"ZillN. MooreK. SmithE. StiefT. CoiroM.(1995)The life circumstances and development of children in welfare families: a profile based on National Survey Data. InEscape from Poverty: What Makes a Difference for Children?(Chase\u2010Lansdale P. & Brooks\u2010Gunn J. eds) Cambridge University Press New York pp. 38\u201359."}],"container-title":["Journal of Advanced Nursing"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1046%2Fj.1365-2648.2001.01774.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1046\/j.1365-2648.2001.01774.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,18]],"date-time":"2023-10-18T14:05:40Z","timestamp":1697637940000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1046\/j.1365-2648.2001.01774.x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2001,5,7]]},"references-count":59,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,5,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1046\/j.1365-2648.2001.01774.x"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1046\/j.1365-2648.2001.01774.x","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0309-2402","1365-2648"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0309-2402","type":"print"},{"value":"1365-2648","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2001,5,7]]}}}