{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,5]],"date-time":"2026-02-05T08:03:13Z","timestamp":1770278593200,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":146,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2001,12,21]],"date-time":"2001-12-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1008892800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":111,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Viral Hepatitis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Chronic hepatitis due to pre\u2010core hepatitis B virus (HBV) mutants presents as hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg)\u2010negative chronic hepatitis B (CHB). HBeAg\u2010negative CHB represents a late phase in the natural course of chronic HBV infection that develops after HBeAg loss and seroconversion to anti\u2010HBe. It is usually associated with pre\u2010core stop codon mutation at nucleotide 1896 (mainly selected in non\u2010A HBV genotypes), but also with other pre\u2010core changes or with mutations in the basic core promoter region (mainly in HBV genotype A). In chronic HBV infections, pre\u2010core mutants can be detected both in patients with HBeAg\u2010negative CHB and in inactive hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) carriers. The diagnosis of HBeAg\u2010negative CHB is based on HBsAg positivity, HBeAg negativity, and mainly on increased alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and serum HBV\u2010DNA levels and exclusion of other causes of liver disease. The differential diagnosis between patients with CHB and inactive HBsAg carriers can be made only by close follow\u2010up of aminotransferase activity and viraemia levels, although the cut\u2010off level of serum HBV DNA has not been definitely determined. IgM anti\u2010HBc levels have also been suggested as an index that increases the diagnostic accuracy for transient hepatitis flares, while liver biopsy confirms the diagnosis and evaluates the severity of the liver disease. Interferon\u2010\u03b1 (IFN\u2010\u03b1) and lamivudine are the two drugs that have been tried, mainly in the management of HBeAg\u2010negative CHB. A 12\u2010month course of IFN\u2010\u03b1 achieves sustained biochemical remission in about 20% of patients, which has been associated with improvement in the long\u2010term outcome of this subset. A 12\u2010month course of lamivudine is rather ineffective, maintaining remission in less than 15% of patients after cessation of therapy. Long\u2010term lamivudine is associated with progressively increasing rate of virological and subsequent biochemical breakthroughs due to YMDD mutants, with approximately 30% of patients remaining in remission in the third year of therapy. Several other antiviral agents are currently being evaluated in this setting with combined regimens being the most reasonable step for the near future.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2893.2001.00303.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,3,12]],"date-time":"2003-03-12T09:19:31Z","timestamp":1047460771000},"page":"311-321","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":77,"title":["Diagnosis and management of pre\u2010core mutant chronic hepatitis B"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"G. V.","family":"Papatheodoridis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S. J.","family":"Hadziyannis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2001,12,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0264-410X(90)90209-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2008-1040427"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(85)91976-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_2","unstructured":"SchalmSW ThomasHC HadziyannisSJ.Chronic hepatitis B. In: Popper H Schaffner F eds.Progress in Liver Disease.New York: W.B. Saunders 1990:443\u2013462."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(80)90130-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-94-6-744"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.1840060203"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.1840030505"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(86)90395-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_2","first-page":"7","article-title":"Hepatitis B e antigen negative chronic hepatitis B. From clinical recognition to pathogenesis and treatment","volume":"1","author":"Hadziyannis SJ","year":"1995","journal-title":"Vir Hep Rev"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(89)90713-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2893.1998.00109.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.68.12.8102-8110.1994"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510240305"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1096-9071(200007)61:3<398::aid-jmv20>3.0.co;2-e"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510310330"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(98)80337-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1298","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.64.3.1298-1303.1990","article-title":"Hepatitis B viruses with precore defects prevail in persistently infected hosts along with seroconversion to anti\u2010HBe","volume":"64","author":"Okamoto H","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.1840120606"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.88.10.4186"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.1840200103"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199106133242404"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.1840140203"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.1840070424"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0168-8278(91)90031-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.91.9.4077"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.1840220605"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5402","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.67.9.5402-5410.1993","article-title":"Hepatitis B virus genotype A rarely circulates as an HBe\u2010minus mutant: possible contribution of a single nucleotide in the precore region","volume":"67","author":"Li J\u2010S","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/he.2000.6709"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_31_2","unstructured":"HadziyannisS BramouA AlexopoulouA MakrisA.Immunopathogenesis and natural course of anti\u2010HBe\u2010positive chronic hepatitis with replicating B virus.In: Hollinger FB Lemon SM Margolis HS eds.Viral Hepatitis and Liver Disease.Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins 1991: 673\u2013676."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(92)90101-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(05)80149-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI115581"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI116281"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.1840220109"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/0022-1317-77-6-1129"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(97)80238-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1018870709286"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(97)09391-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/gast.2001.24839"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(96)80264-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0166-0934(97)02196-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(96)80263-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(01)81290-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_46_2","first-page":"588","article-title":"Clinical significance of quantitative anti\u2010HBc IgM assay in acute and chronic HBV infection","volume":"40","author":"Hadziyannis SJ","year":"1993","journal-title":"Hepatogastroenterology"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(05)80554-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(97)80003-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.1840100213"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(05)80352-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(00)00094-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_52_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.1890130410"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_53_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.1840070106"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_54_2","first-page":"64A","article-title":"HBV reactivation in anti\u2010HBe positive HBsAg carriers","volume":"16","author":"Hadziyannis SJ","year":"1992","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_55_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.1840160606"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_56_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(93)90903-P"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_57_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.1840210304"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_58_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0676.1995.tb00113.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_59_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0168-8278(90)90180-Y"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_60_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.1840150405"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_61_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0168-8278(92)90161-H"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_62_2","first-page":"42","article-title":"Treatment of chronic anti\u2010HBe\u2010positive hepatitis B with interferon\u2010alpha","volume":"22","author":"Brunetto MR","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_63_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.1999.01088.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_64_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0270-9139(94)90449-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_65_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510260634"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_66_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/gast.2001.25524"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_67_2","first-page":"378A","article-title":"Long\u2010term follow\u2010up after initial response to interferon therapy in patients with HBeAg\u2010negative chronic hepatitis B","volume":"32","author":"Papatheodoridis GV","year":"2000","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_68_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.306.6870.107"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_69_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2893.1995.tb00036.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_70_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.1840210105"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_71_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2893.1994.tb00110.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_72_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.1840220503"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_73_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(98)80050-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_74_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(00)80135-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_75_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199605303342202"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_76_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510290312"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_77_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-114-8-629"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_78_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0166-0934(98)00081-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_79_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(94)80115-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_80_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1552-4604.1995.tb04043.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_81_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00003495-199958010-00015"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_82_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1096-9071(200007)61:3<367::aid-jmv15>3.0.co;2-a"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_83_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(00)80418-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_84_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(00)70008-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_85_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2008-1040516"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_86_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-132-9-200005020-00007"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_87_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199807093390201"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_88_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199910213411702"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_89_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510300313"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_90_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510300427"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_91_2","first-page":"A25","article-title":"Three year lamivudine therapy in chronic HBV","volume":"30","author":"Leung NWY","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_92_2","first-page":"44","article-title":"Incremental increases in HBeAg seroconversion and continued ALT normalisation in Asian chronic HBV (CHB) patients treated with lamivudine for four years","volume":"5","author":"Chang TT","year":"2000","journal-title":"Antiviral Ther"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_93_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510290321"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_94_2","first-page":"117","article-title":"Post lamivudine treatment follow up of patients with HBeAg negative chronic hepatitis B","volume":"30","author":"Tassopoulos NC","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_95_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(00)80076-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_96_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.71.12.9392-9399.1997"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_97_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.93.9.4398"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_98_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/jhep.2000.17915"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_99_2","first-page":"375A","article-title":"HBV reactivation and biochemical breakthroughs after initially effective lamivudine therapy in patients with precore mutant HBV related liver disease","volume":"32","author":"Papatheodoridis GV","year":"2000","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_100_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/jhep.2000.17912"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_101_2","first-page":"A221","article-title":"Efficacy of prolonged lamivudine therapy in HBV DNA\/HBeAb positive previously non responder chronic hepatitis B","volume":"45","author":"Demelia L","year":"1999","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_102_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/jhep.2000.19622"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_103_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.40.8.1957"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_104_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510270628"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_105_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/jhep.2000.7296"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_106_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510270634"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_107_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510270243"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_108_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/gast.2000.8559"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_109_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(08)81913-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_110_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/jhep.2000.19619"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_111_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510300221"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_112_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/315147"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_113_2","first-page":"349A","article-title":"Hepatitis B virus reactivation after lamivudine discontinuation","volume":"30","author":"Fontaine H","year":"1999","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_114_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/jhep.2000.16333"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_115_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/jhep.2000.20150"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_116_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1177\/135965359900400101","article-title":"Analysis of hepatitis B virus quasispecies changes during emergence and reversion of lamivudine resistance in liver transplantation","volume":"4","author":"Cane PA","year":"1999","journal-title":"Antivir Ther"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_117_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/jhep.2000.19618"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_118_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(00)80077-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_119_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.1890420319"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_120_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510240504"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_121_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/jhep.2000.9407"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_122_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(00)80725-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_123_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/315368"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_124_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-2952(99)00073-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_125_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(98)80243-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_126_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510310132"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_127_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510300141"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_128_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/095632029700800101"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_129_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.38.9.2180"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_130_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2893.1999.00182.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_131_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00003088-199936020-00004"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_132_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510280629"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_133_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI5882"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_134_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/jhep.2000.8626"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_135_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0676.1994.tb00072.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_136_2","first-page":"510","article-title":"Antiviral activity of ganciclovir, 9\u2010(1,3\u2010dihydroxy\u20102\u2010propoxymethyl) guanine against woodchuck hepatitis virus: quantitative measurement of woodchuck hepatitis virus DNA using storage phosphor technology.","volume":"30","author":"Zahm FE","year":"1998","journal-title":"Ital J Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_137_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(99)80335-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_138_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(99)80215-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_139_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.42.12.3200"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_140_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.43.1.190","article-title":"Metabolic studies on BMS\u2010200475, a new antiviral compound active against hepatitis B virus","volume":"43","author":"Yamanaka G","year":"1999","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_141_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.44.6.1757-1760.2000"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_142_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00003495-200060040-00001"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_143_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/jhep.2000.16181"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_144_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/jhep.2000.9143"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_145_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/314430"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_146_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.46.4.562"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_147_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2893.2000.00220.x"}],"container-title":["Journal of Viral Hepatitis"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1046%2Fj.1365-2893.2001.00303.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1046\/j.1365-2893.2001.00303.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,17]],"date-time":"2023-10-17T13:49:34Z","timestamp":1697550574000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1046\/j.1365-2893.2001.00303.x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2001,9]]},"references-count":146,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1046\/j.1365-2893.2001.00303.x"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1046\/j.1365-2893.2001.00303.x","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1352-0504","1365-2893"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1352-0504","type":"print"},{"value":"1365-2893","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2001,9]]}}}