{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,6]],"date-time":"2026-11-06T07:01:27Z","timestamp":1793948487740,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2002,9,2]],"date-time":"2002-09-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1030924800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["resjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Medical Vet Entomology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Abstract<\/jats:bold>\n                    The effectiveness of a cheap and easy method of household protection against\n                    <jats:italic>Culex quinquefasciatus<\/jats:italic>\n                    Say and other mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) was investigated in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Kerosene\u2010burning lamps (korobois) were modified to heat and vaporize transfluthrin, a volatile pyrethroid insecticide. When transfluthrin was added to fuel of the lamp, protection against biting was poor unless a very high concentration of insecticide was used. A modified lamp (= vaporizing koroboi) was designed to overcome this problem by mixing the insecticide with vegetable oil and heating it to 120\u2003\u00b0C in a tin held just above the flame. The concentration of 0.1% transfluthrin in vegetable oil gave 50\u201375% reduction in biting, a similar degree of protection to that obtained from burning a mosquito coil containing a synthetic pyrethroid (0.25% d\u2010allethrin) and significantly better protection than a locally bought coil (brand \u2018White Crane\u2019, probably containing DDT). Greater protection (consistently &gt; 90%) was achieved with a higher concentration of transfluthrin (0.5%) in the vegetable oil. This modified lamp is simple, cheap and employs locally available technology. With further development, and due regard to inhalation toxicity of the vaporized materials, it may offer a more cost\u2010effective alternative to a mosquito coil as a means of personal protection, and a useful complement to a net for the early part of the evening before bedtime.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2915.2002.00375.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,3,12]],"date-time":"2003-03-12T09:45:24Z","timestamp":1047462324000},"page":"277-284","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":49,"title":["Personal protection against mosquitoes in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, by using a kerosene oil lamp to vaporize transfluthrin"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"H. V.","family":"PATES","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. 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