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A <jats:italic>clpP<\/jats:italic>\u2010deleted mutant enabled us to demonstrate that ClpP is involved in proteolysis and is required for growth under stress conditions. Intramacrophage survival of this mutant was strongly restricted, thus resulting in loss of virulence for the mouse. The activity of listeriolysin O, a major virulence factor implicated in bacterial escape from phagosomes of macrophages, was much reduced in the <jats:italic>clpP<\/jats:italic> mutant under stress conditions. Direct evidence for the role of ClpP in the intracellular parasitism was obtained by showing that virulence and haemolytic activity were fully restored by complementation of the mutant. These results suggest that ClpP is involved in the rapid adaptive response of intracellular pathogens during the infectious process.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2958.2000.01773.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,3,12]],"date-time":"2003-03-12T11:29:44Z","timestamp":1047468584000},"page":"1286-1294","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":202,"title":["The ClpP serine protease is essential for the intracellular parasitism and virulence of <i>Listeria 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