{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,6]],"date-time":"2026-11-06T01:54:49Z","timestamp":1793930089168,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2001,12,21]],"date-time":"2001-12-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1008892800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":203,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecular Microbiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> <jats:italic>Legionella pneumophila<\/jats:italic> replicates within amoebae and macrophages and causes the severe pneumonia Legionnaires' disease. When broth cultures enter the post\u2010exponential growth (PE) phase or experience amino acid limitation, <jats:italic>L. pneumophila<\/jats:italic> accumulates the stringent response signal (p)ppGpp and expresses traits likely to promote transmission to a new phagocyte. The hypothesis that a stringent response mechanism regulates <jats:italic>L. pneumophila<\/jats:italic> virulence was bolstered by our finding that the avirulent mutant Lp120 contains an internal deletion in the gene encoding the stationary phase sigma factor RpoS. To test directly whether RpoS co\u2010ordinates virulence with stationary phase, isogenic wild\u2010type, <jats:italic>rpoS\u2010120<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>rpoS<\/jats:italic> null mutant strains were constructed and analysed. PE phase <jats:italic>L. pneumophila<\/jats:italic> became cytotoxic by an RpoS\u2010independent pathway, but their sodium sensitivity and maximal expression of flagellin required RpoS. Likewise, full induction of sodium sensitivity by experimentally induced (p)ppGpp synthesis required RpoS. To replicate efficiently in macrophages, <jats:italic>L. pneumophila<\/jats:italic> used both RpoS\u2010dependent and \u2010independent pathways. Like those containing the <jats:italic>dotA<\/jats:italic> type IV secretory apparatus mutant, phagosomes harbouring either <jats:italic>rpoS<\/jats:italic> or <jats:italic>dotA rpoS<\/jats:italic> mutants rapidly acquired the late endosomal protein LAMP\u20101, but not the lysosomal marker Texas red\u2013ovalbumin. Together, the data support a model in which RpoS co\u2010operates with other regulators to induce <jats:italic>L. pneumophila<\/jats:italic> virulence in the PE phase.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2958.2001.02465.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,3,12]],"date-time":"2003-03-12T11:38:01Z","timestamp":1047469081000},"page":"1201-1214","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":149,"title":["RpoS co\u2010operates with other factors to induce <i>Legionella pneumophila<\/i> virulence in the stationary phase"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"Michael A.","family":"Bachman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michele 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