{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,2]],"date-time":"2025-11-02T16:09:25Z","timestamp":1762099765958},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11-12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2001,12,20]],"date-time":"2001-12-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1008806400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Animal Physiology Nutrition"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,12,20]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>A pig breeder in central Hesse (Germany) noticed the occurrence of enlarged vulvae in female piglets. Intoxication with oestrogenically active substances by contamination of two feed mixes ingested by the mother sows appeared to be a possible cause. Using a combined technique of the DFG analytical method S19 and the E\u2010screen assay, two feed samples were found to contain powerful oestrogenically active compounds. By co\u2010incubation with the anti\u2010oestrogen tamoxifen it could be clearly demonstrated that the oestrogenic activity was mediated by the oestrogen receptor. These results demonstrate that use of the E\u2010screen assay in combination with the DFG analytical method S19 provides a simple and readily useable prescreening method for the routine detection of oestrogenically active compounds in animal feed. The results from the E\u2010screen assay show that the sows ingested 10\u201380\u2003\u03bcg oestradiol equivalents per day in their feed. Because of the bioavailability of these substances, the oestrogenic active compounds seem to be transferred into the milk and passed to the piglets via suckling. The milk of the dam appears to contain this substance in biologically active form and at such high concentrations that the female piglets had enlarged vulvae.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1439-0396.2001.00348.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,3,12]],"date-time":"2003-03-12T08:38:42Z","timestamp":1047458322000},"page":"369-377","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Application of the E\u2010screen assay to test for oestrogenically active substances in swine feed"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"85","author":[{"given":"N.","family":"Bitsch","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"W.","family":"K\u00f6rner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Postupka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"H.","family":"Brunn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2001,12,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Adlercreutz H. 1995:Environ. 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