{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]],"date-time":"2026-09-10T00:58:12Z","timestamp":1789001892261,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2002,11,23]],"date-time":"2002-11-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1038009600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":236,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Veterinary Medicine Series A"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of active immunization against GnRH in mature Standardbred mares (three experimental and one control mare) on antibody titres, ovarian function, hormonal levels and oestrous behaviour. The mares were individually teased with a stallion once each day. During the first part of the experiment (period I: late April until November), blood was sampled every third day during the first 3\u2003months, thereafter once per week. In the second part of the experiment (period II: December until August), sampling was carried out every second week. Progesterone, oestradiol\u201017\u03b2 and LH were analysed. Rectal gynaecological examination was made with the same intervals as the blood samplings and included palpation of the genital organs and ultrasonography. The experimental mares were immunized against GnRH with a GnRH\u2013BSA conjugate. Equimune<jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup> (Vetrepharm, Bracetown, Business Park, Clonee, Co. Meath, Republic of Ireland) was used as adjuvant. The mares were immunized on four occasions (20\u201330 day intervals) and GnRH antibody titre was determined. All immunized mares produced antibodies against GnRH but the maximum titres as well as the duration of a greater than 10% binding capacity varied between the mares (1\u2003:\u20031600 to 1\u2003:\u200350\u2003000; 5 to 12\u2003months, respectively). After the first injection, all mares showed one oestrus and ovulated at the regular time. In two of the mares, the immunization resulted in ovarian atrophy. Their hormone levels of progesterone, oestradiol\u201017\u03b2 and progesterone decreased to basal levels and the cyclical hormone pattern was interrupted from approximately 30\u2003days onwards. They continued to show oestrous signs but with irregular durations and intervals. The third mare showed ovarian suppression only for short periods and not in both ovaries at the same time; the hormone levels were basal for only about 20\u2003days (days 50\u201370) and the mare ovulated on day 75 after start of immunization. The other mares ovulated after 13.5 and 15\u2003months, respectively. It is concluded that the effect of immunization against GnRH in mature mares was individual concerning antibody titre response and the suppression of ovarian activity and hormone levels. Mares with totally inactive ovaries continued to show oestrous signs but with irregular intervals and durations.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1439-0442.2002.00427.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,3,12]],"date-time":"2003-03-12T09:11:47Z","timestamp":1047460307000},"page":"125-131","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Immunization against GnRH in Mature Mares: Antibody Titres, Ovarian Function, Hormonal Levels and Oestrous Behaviour"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"49","author":[{"given":"A.\u2010M.","family":"Dalin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"\u00d8.","family":"Andresen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L.","family":"Malmgren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2002,11,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/BF03547682"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2527\/1990.6892793x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_2","first-page":"111","article-title":"Effekt av progesteronbehandling vid lindrig nymfomani hos sto","volume":"43","author":"Christensson J.","year":"1991","journal-title":"Svensk Veterin\u00e4rtidning"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1751-0813.1996.tb15410.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod33.3.569"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1677\/joe.0.0770085"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_2","first-page":"IX","article-title":"Preparation of antisera to luteinising hormone releasing hormone","volume":"61","author":"Fraser H. M.","year":"1974","journal-title":"J. Endocrinol."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod35.2.347"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_2","unstructured":"Ginther O. J. 1992a:Sexual behavior. In: Ginther O. J. (ed.) Reproductive Biology of the Mare Basic and Applied Aspects 2nd edn pp. 75\u2013104. Equiservices Cross Plains WI USA."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_2","unstructured":"Ginther O. J. 1992b:Characteristics of the ovulatory season. In: Ginther O. J. (ed.) Reproductive Biology of the Mare Basic and Applied Aspects 2nd edn pp. 173\u2013230. Equiservices Cross Plains WI USA."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jeffcoate I. A. andB. J.Keeling 1984:Active immunization against LH\u2010RH in the female. In: Crighton D. G. (ed.) Immunological Aspects of Reproduction in Mammals pp. 363\u2013377. 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