{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,19]],"date-time":"2025-10-19T05:32:27Z","timestamp":1760851947387},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,10,9]],"date-time":"2008-10-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1223510400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":3134,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clin Exp Pharma Physio"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,3,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>SUMMARY<\/jats:title><jats:p>1. The drugs used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) form a diverse group with unpredictable adverse effects, mostly weak efficacy and variable responses. Despite their differences, a common feature of many anti\u2010inflammatory and disease\u2010modifying anti\u2010rheumatic drugs (DMARD) is inhibition of pro\u2010inflammatory transcription factors, particularly nuclear factor (NF)\u2010\u03baB and activator protein (AP)\u20101.<\/jats:p><jats:p>2. The present brief review identifies those drugs capable of inhibiting transcription factors, particularly steroids, gold salts, <jats:sc>D<\/jats:sc>\u2010penicillamine, cyclosporine A and possibly salicylates.<\/jats:p><jats:p>3. The newer biological inhibitors of tumour necrosis factor (TNF)\u2010\u03b1 and interleukin (IL)\u20101\u03b2 are capable of indirect inhibition of NF\u2010\u03baB activation, although even with these potent agents the problem of variability in response has not disappeared.<\/jats:p><jats:p>4. The development of selective inhibitors of the transcription factor NF\u2010\u03baB should have the benefit of the anti\u2010inflammatory drugs and DMARD, both new and old.<\/jats:p><jats:p>5. It is hypothesized that this strategy will overcome much of the variability in the therapeutic response and adverse effects that limit the usefulness of the exisiting drugs in the treatment of RA.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1440-1681.2000.03216.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,3,11]],"date-time":"2003-03-11T11:05:57Z","timestamp":1047380757000},"page":"139-144","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Inhibition Of Transcription Factors By Anti\u2010Inflammatory And Anti\u2010Rheumatic Drugs: Can Variability In Response Be Overcome?"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Malcolm L","family":"Handel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ly Qq","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thomas P","family":"Lehmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,10,9]]},"container-title":["Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology and Physiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1046%2Fj.1440-1681.2000.03216.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1046\/j.1440-1681.2000.03216.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,29]],"date-time":"2023-10-29T12:25:21Z","timestamp":1698582321000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1046\/j.1440-1681.2000.03216.x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2000,3,11]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,3,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1046\/j.1440-1681.2000.03216.x"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1046\/j.1440-1681.2000.03216.x","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0305-1870","1440-1681"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0305-1870","type":"print"},{"value":"1440-1681","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2000,3,11]]}}}