{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,2]],"date-time":"2025-11-02T10:07:42Z","timestamp":1762078062057},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2001,12,24]],"date-time":"2001-12-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1009152000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":407,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clin Exp Pharma Physio"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,11,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>SUMMARY<\/jats:title><jats:p>1. Vagal nerve stimulation of the guinea\u2010pig isolated oesophagus produced a triphasic tetrodotoxin (TTX)\u2010sensitive contractile response. The third phase, which was resistant to ganglion blocking drugs, was selectively abolished by capsaicin, suggesting the involvement of one or more neuropeptides released from afferent neurons. Receptors on cholinergic neurons were subsequently activated because the response was atropine sensitive. Contractile responses resulting from exogenous substance P were abolished by atropine and TTX and enhanced by physostigmine. These findings suggest that the third phase may be mediated by the action of a substance P\u2010like neuropeptide released from sensory nerve endings that subsequently activated cholinergic neurons.<\/jats:p><jats:p>2. The tachykinin receptors in the body of the guinea\u2010pig oesophagus were characterized by determining the relative agonist potencies of natural tachykinins as well as tachykinin receptor\u2010selective analogues. Antagonist affinities were also determined. The results indicated the presence of both NK<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> and NK<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub> receptors. In addition, the effects of a cocktail of peptidase inhibitors (captopril, thiorphan and amastatin) on responses to various tachykinins and synthetic analogues were determined. The results indicate that one or more peptidases are present in this preparation.<\/jats:p><jats:p>3. Experiments using various tachykinin receptor antagonists were performed to determine whether the activation of tachykinin receptors played a role in the mediation of the third phase of the response to vagal nerve stimulation. While this response was unaffected by NK<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub> and NK<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> receptor\u2010selective antagonists, it was only partially inhibited (23%) by the NK<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub> receptor antagonist SR 142801. Thus, in the guinea\u2010pig oesophagus, it appears that NK<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub> receptors play only a minor role in mediating a contractile response when afferent neurons are excited by vagal nerve stimulation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1440-1681.2000.03364.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,3,11]],"date-time":"2003-03-11T11:05:28Z","timestamp":1047380728000},"page":"934-938","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Effects Of Tachykinin Receptor Agonists And Antagonists On The Guinea\u2010Pig Isolated Oesophagus"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Karen P","family":"Kerr","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2001,12,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0742-8413(89)90236-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"AndrewsPLR.Vagal afferent innervation of the gastrointestinal tract. 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