{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,13]],"date-time":"2025-10-13T01:24:28Z","timestamp":1760318668184},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2001,12,25]],"date-time":"2001-12-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1009238400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":633,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Gastro and Hepatol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p> <jats:bold>\n            <jats:italic>Aims<\/jats:italic>\n          <\/jats:bold>: To review the current status of hepatitis B immunization programmes as well as future issues concerning hepatitis B immunization in Asian countries.<\/jats:p><jats:p> <jats:bold>\n            <jats:italic>Methods<\/jats:italic>\n          <\/jats:bold>: Pertinent literature was identified via in\u2010house and MEDLINE (1980\u201399) searches and references cited in published articles. Articles within the <jats:italic>Proceedings of the IX Triennial International Symposium on Viral Hepatitis and Liver Disease<\/jats:italic> provided valuable state\u2010of\u2010the\u2010art resource data.<\/jats:p><jats:p> <jats:bold>\n            <jats:italic>Results<\/jats:italic>\n          <\/jats:bold>: Chronic hepatitis B infection is responsible for 75\u201390% of primary hepatocellular carcinoma, one of the 10 most common cancers worldwide. Hepatitis B and its chronic sequelae can potentially be eradicated through vaccines that have been shown to be 95\u201399% efficacious in preventing development of the disease or the carrier state in immunized infants. Approximately 75% of the world\u2019s hepatitis B carriers live in Asian countries wherein wide variations in immunization strategies exist. Vaccination programmes in hyperendemic Asian countries have elicited decreases in the incidence of acute and chronic infections as well as a decrease in chronic carriers in the unvaccinated population. Decreases in the incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma have been recorded in Taiwan and Singapore after at least 10 years of universal hepatitis B immunization programmes.<\/jats:p><jats:p> <jats:bold>\n            <jats:italic>Conclusions<\/jats:italic>\n          <\/jats:bold>: In Asian countries currently without nationwide hepatitis B programmes, utilization of the existing vaccination infrastructure for administration of other World Health Organization Expanded Programme on Immunization vaccines will provide the most economical and efficient means of administration of the hepatitis B vaccine.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1440-1746.2000.02002.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,3,12]],"date-time":"2003-03-12T05:14:05Z","timestamp":1047446045000},"page":"396-401","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Vaccination against hepatitis B: Current challenges for Asian countries and future directions"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Assad","family":"Safary","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Janice","family":"Beck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2001,12,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_2","first-page":"319","article-title":"Infection with hepatitis B and C viruses, social class and cancer.","volume":"138","author":"Stuver SO","year":"1997","journal-title":"IARC Sci. 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