{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,21]],"date-time":"2025-11-21T17:26:46Z","timestamp":1763746006087},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2001,12,25]],"date-time":"2001-12-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1009238400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":633,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Gastro and Hepatol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Chemokines are implicated in the pathogenesis of alcoholic liver disease in humans and in experimental models of alcohol intoxication. The major sources of these chemokines are Kupffer cells which represent more than 80% of tissue macrophages in the body. Kupffer cells are highly responsive to the effects of ethanol, endotoxin and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)\u20101 glycoprotein120. These agents, either independently or in combination, may exacerbate the production of chemokines. Chemokines are agents that are highly chemotactic to mononuclear cells and granulocytes. The levels of these chemokines in sera and tissue are elevated in patients with alcoholic hepatitis, alcoholic cirrhosis, diseased livers, viral hepatitis, and in experimental models of chronic alcohol intoxication. Alcohol\u2010induced influx of endotoxin from the gut into the portal circulation is suggested to play an important role in the activation of Kupffer cells which leads to enhanced chemokine release. The up\u2010regulation of chemokines during alcohol consumption is selective. During the early phase of alcoholic liver disease, C\u2010X\u2010C or \u03b1\u2010 chemokines predominate. This is also associated with neutrophilic infiltration of the liver. In the later stage, up\u2010regulation of C\u2010C or \u03b2\u2010chemokine production and migration of mononuclear cells into the liver are observed, and this may lead to liver cirrhosis. Selective up\u2010regulation of chemokine synthesis and release may involve differential modulation of the transcription factors required for chemokine gene expression. Increased cytokine release following alcohol consumption may also regulate chemokine secretion in Kupffer cells via paracrine and autocrine mechanisms and vice versa. In addition, infection with HIV\u20101 may further compromise the liver to more damage. During HIV\u20101 infection, a pre\u2010existing liver disease superimposed on chronic alcohol consumption may also exacerbate HIV\u20101 replication and lymphocytic infiltration in the liver, because of the ability of HIV\u20101 gp120 to stimulate chemokine production by Kupffer cells and stimulate migration of inflammatory leucocytes in the liver.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1440-1746.2000.02174.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,3,12]],"date-time":"2003-03-12T05:14:05Z","timestamp":1047446045000},"page":"349-356","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":49,"title":["Impact of alcohol on the ability of Kupffer cells to produce chemokines and its role in alcoholic liver disease"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Abraham P","family":"Bautista","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2001,12,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1530-0277.1991.tb00603.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/08923979209009243"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_2","first-page":"70","volume-title":"Cells of the Hepatic Sinusoid","author":"Bautista AP.","year":"1995"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_2","first-page":"90","volume-title":"Cells of the Hepatic Sinusoids","author":"Bautista AP","year":"1998"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1530-0277.1998.tb03945.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(98)70211-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1530-0277.1998.tb03676.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1530-0277.1998.tb04013.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510250214"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1530-0277.1998.tb04002.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_2","first-page":"120","article-title":"Chronic alcohol intoxication suppresses anti\u2010HIV\u20101 antibody production and antigen presentation by murine hepatic non\u2010parenchymal cells.","volume":"23","author":"Bautista AP.","year":"1999","journal-title":"Alcohol. Clin. Exp. Res."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_2","first-page":"123","article-title":"Kinetics of IL\u20108, MIP\u20101, TNF\u03b1, IL\u20101\u03b2, IL\u2010ra and IL\u201010 in human whole blood samples triggered by smooth and rough LPS.","volume":"21","author":"Foca A","year":"1998","journal-title":"Microbiologica."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-0348-8843-1_3"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1530-0277.1998.tb04011.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510240529"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1096-9896(199809)186:1<82::AID-PATH151>3.0.CO;2-D"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0741-8329(99)00100-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/01902149409031733"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/MCB.16.1.202"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9378(98)70381-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_2","first-page":"272","volume-title":"Cells of the Hepatic Sinusoids","author":"Bautista AP.","year":"1997"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.1840180629"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00024382-199411000-00006"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24 286","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.271.39.24286","article-title":"Interferon\u2010inducible protein involves vascular smooth muscle migration","volume":"271","author":"Wang X","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3888","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.158.8.3888","article-title":"Neutrophil\u2010activating protein ENA\u201078 and IL\u20108 exhibit different patterns of expression in lipopolysaccharide\u2010 and cytokine\u2010stimulated human monocytes.","volume":"158","author":"Schnyder\u2010Candrian S","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.176.2.587"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.167.2.570"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jlb.55.3.321"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_2","first-page":"G956","article-title":"LPS\u2010mediated NF\u2010\u03baB activation in rat Kupffer cells can be induced independently of CD14.","volume":"270","author":"Bellezo JM","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.181.4.1473"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jlb.55.3.328"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1530-0277.1998.tb04007.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"682","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)75839-6","article-title":"Ethanol\u2010induced mobilization of calcium by activation of phosphoinositide\u2010specific phospholipase C in intact hepatocytes.","volume":"262","author":"Hoek JB","year":"1987","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-0348-7424-3_20"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2892","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.147.9.2892","article-title":"The HIV\u20101 gp120 envelope protein has the intrinsic capacity to stimulate monokine production.","volume":"147","author":"Clouse KA","year":"1991","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_37_2","first-page":"1063","article-title":"The production of \u03b2\u2010chemokines induced by HIV\u20102 envelope glycoprotein","volume":"11","author":"Neoh LP","year":"1995","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/MCB.15.6.3110"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3891","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.138.11.3891","article-title":"The effect of LPS on expression of the early competence gene JE and gene KC in murine peritoneal macrophages.","volume":"138","author":"Introna M","year":"1987","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0168-8278(95)80067-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1530-0277.1996.tb01139.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.1840210336"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_43_2","first-page":"1304","article-title":"Cytokine gene expression by Kupffer cells in experimental alcoholic liver disease","volume":"21","author":"Kamimura S","year":"1995","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_44_2","first-page":"224","volume-title":"Cells of the Hepatic Sinusoids","author":"Tsukamoto H","year":"1994"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510250322"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1530-0277.1998.tb04317.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.276.5309.51"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00002030-199802000-00008"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2705","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.71.4.2705-2714.1997","article-title":"Genetically divergent strains of SIV use CCR5 coreceptor for entry.","volume":"71","author":"Chen Z","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(99)80011-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/excr.1996.0351"}],"container-title":["Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1046%2Fj.1440-1746.2000.02174.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1046\/j.1440-1746.2000.02174.x","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1046\/j.1440-1746.2000.02174.x","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1046\/j.1440-1746.2000.02174.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,11]],"date-time":"2023-09-11T03:50:52Z","timestamp":1694404252000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1046\/j.1440-1746.2000.02174.x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2000,4]]},"references-count":50,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1046\/j.1440-1746.2000.02174.x"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1046\/j.1440-1746.2000.02174.x","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0815-9319","1440-1746"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0815-9319","type":"print"},{"value":"1440-1746","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2000,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2001-12-25","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}