{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,30]],"date-time":"2025-10-30T06:46:54Z","timestamp":1761806814835},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2001,12,25]],"date-time":"2001-12-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1009238400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":572,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Gastro and Hepatol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p> <jats:bold>\n            <jats:italic>Background<\/jats:italic>\n          <\/jats:bold>: The Trefoil factor family 1 (TFF1), one of the trefoil peptides, has been considered to play protective and reparative roles of experimentally induced ulcers in the stomach. However, the alteration of the <jats:italic>TFF1<\/jats:italic> mRNA in the non\u2010ulcerated areas of living human gastric mucosa in gastric ulcer is not well known. We examined <jats:italic>TFF1<\/jats:italic> gene expression at non\u2010ulcerated sites during the healing of a gastric ulcer by semiquantitative determination of the <jats:italic>TFF1<\/jats:italic> mRNA.<\/jats:p><jats:p> <jats:bold>\n            <jats:italic>Methods<\/jats:italic>\n          <\/jats:bold>: Gastric mucosal biopsy specimens were taken before and after the healing of the gastric ulcer from seven consecutive patients and from seven patients diagnosed with non\u2010ulcer dyspepsia (NUD). The relative value of <jats:italic>TFF1<\/jats:italic> mRNA (R<jats:italic><jats:sub>TFF1<\/jats:sub><\/jats:italic>) was calculated by the single tube method of polymerase chain reaction (ST\u2010PCR) and Southern hybridization. Immunohistochemistry using monoclonal antibodies was performed to confirm the presence of the TFF1 peptide. The status of <jats:italic>Helicobacter pylori<\/jats:italic> and the severity of gastritis were investigated simultaneously.<\/jats:p><jats:p> <jats:bold>\n            <jats:italic>Results<\/jats:italic>\n          <\/jats:bold>: The mean relative values of <jats:italic>TFF1<\/jats:italic> mRNA at both the gastric angle (<jats:italic>R<jats:sub>TFF1<\/jats:sub><\/jats:italic><jats:sub>A<\/jats:sub><jats:sc>S<\/jats:sc>) and the gastric body (<jats:italic>R<jats:sub>TFF1<\/jats:sub><\/jats:italic><jats:sub>B<\/jats:sub><jats:sc>S<\/jats:sc>) of patients with gastric ulcers at the healed stage were significantly higher than those at the open stage (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.05). The mean <jats:italic>R<jats:sub>TFF1<\/jats:sub><\/jats:italic><jats:sub>A<\/jats:sub><jats:sc>S<\/jats:sc> at both the open and healed stages were lower than those of <jats:italic>R<jats:sub>TFF1<\/jats:sub><\/jats:italic><jats:sub>B<\/jats:sub><jats:sc>S<\/jats:sc> at the open and healed stages, respectively. The mean <jats:italic>R<jats:sub>TFF1<\/jats:sub><\/jats:italic><jats:sub>B<\/jats:sub> at the open stage was lower than that in NUD (not significant), but the mean of <jats:italic>R<jats:sub>TFF1<\/jats:sub><\/jats:italic><jats:sub>B<\/jats:sub> at the healed stage was significantly higher than that in NUD. The <jats:italic>R<jats:sub>TFF1<\/jats:sub><\/jats:italic><jats:sub>A<\/jats:sub><jats:sc>S<\/jats:sc> and <jats:italic>R<jats:sub>TFF1<\/jats:sub><\/jats:italic><jats:sub>B<\/jats:sub><jats:sc>S<\/jats:sc> of all patients did not correlate with <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic> status nor with the severity of gastritis. The induction of <jats:italic>TFF1<\/jats:italic> mRNA at the non\u2010ulcerated background sites seemed not to be related to the status of <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic> or to the severity of gastritis.<\/jats:p><jats:p> <jats:bold>\n            <jats:italic>Conclusions<\/jats:italic>\n          <\/jats:bold>: These results suggest that the increased levels <jats:italic>TFF1<\/jats:italic> mRNA during the healing of gastric ulcers might be closely related to the protection and the cell differentiation at the non\u2010ulcerated areas of living human gastric mucosa.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1440-1746.2000.02209.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,3,12]],"date-time":"2003-03-12T05:14:56Z","timestamp":1047446096000},"page":"604-609","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Elevation of <i>TFF1<\/i> gene expression during healing of gastric ulcer at non\u2010ulcerated sites in the stomach: Semiquantification using the single tube method of polymerase chain reaction"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Takashi","family":"Saitoh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tsutomu","family":"Mochizuki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Takeshi","family":"Suda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yutaka","family":"Aoyagi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yoshihisa","family":"Tsukada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rintaroh","family":"Narisawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hitoshi","family":"Asakura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2001,12,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0014-5793(97)00424-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-5793(89)80690-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/path.1711750408"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(95)90014-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/gast.1996.v110.pm8566596"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1096-9896(199806)185:2<153::AID-PATH87>3.0.CO;2-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.93.5.2137"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.274.5285.259"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(93)90956-D"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(84)91816-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/endo-121-5-1759"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_2","first-page":"200","article-title":"Rapid urease test in the management of Campylobacter pyloridis\u2010associated gastritis.","volume":"82","author":"Marshall BJ","year":"1987","journal-title":"Am. 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